记忆史棱镜下马克思唯物史观的生产史、文化史与精神史批判

发布时间：2018-06-07 23:30

本文选题：唯物史观 + 生产史　；参考：《学术交流》2017年10期

【摘要】：对反映社会形态更替的一般历史规律,和引导人类实践活动的总体文化结构,分别予以检视,构成了解读马克思唯物史观的宏观理论依据与微观逻辑前提。这就要求我们在狭义的"物质生产史"棱镜中,把握广义的"文明发展史"进程。这当中,涉及三个主要问题:第一,"生产力-生产关系"的辩证运动,何以折射出历史的全部文化图景?第二,构成人类文明基底的文化传统,怎样在生产范式的更迭中保持长时段的延续?第三,应该如何理解以物质生产为座架的政治-经济革命和以变革社会整体文化精神为旨趣的文化革命这二者之间的统一关系?事实上,这是刚性的物质生产逻辑与弹性的文化记忆谱系这二者彼此间博弈和融合的理论两难。它们揭示了马克思唯物史观在显性的"生产-政治革命"和隐性的"交往-文化变迁"以及更为深刻的"记忆-精神演绎"这三个层次上的辩证统一。而"生产史-文化史-记忆史"的共轭结构,将促使历史唯物主义的解读范式向宏大的"精神史"领域跃迁。后者作为保存人类所有文明成果的记忆之场,乃是马克思社会批判理论得以展开的基底。凭借对人类全部精神结晶的总体性反思,马克思唯物史观的理论范式将发生文化-记忆学转向。
[Abstract]:The general historical law reflecting the change of social form and the overall cultural structure of guiding human practical activities are examined separately, which constitutes the macroscopic theoretical basis and microcosmic logical premise for interpreting Marx's historical materialism. This requires us to grasp the broad process of the history of civilization in the narrow sense of "history of material production" prism. There are three main questions involved: first, how does the dialectical movement of "productivity-production relations" reflect the whole cultural picture of history? Second, the cultural tradition that forms the basis of human civilization, how to maintain a long-term continuity in the change of production paradigm? Third, how should we understand the unified relationship between the political-economic revolution based on material production and the cultural revolution which aims at changing the cultural spirit of the whole society? In fact, this is a theoretical dilemma between rigid material production logic and elastic cultural memory pedigree. They reveal the dialectical unity of Marx's historical materialism on the three levels of explicit "production-political revolution", recessive "community-cultural change" and more profound "memory-spiritual deduction". The conjugate structure of "production history-culture history-memory history" will make the interpretation paradigm of historical materialism change to the grand field of "spiritual history". The latter, as the memory field of preserving all the achievements of human civilization, is the base of Marx's theory of social criticism. With the overall reflection on the spiritual crystallization of human beings, the theoretical paradigm of Marx's historical materialism will turn from culture to memory.
【作者单位】：南京大学马克思主义学院;
【基金】：国家社科基金项目“大卫·哈维马克思主义空间政治哲学思想研究”(17FZX036)
【分类号】：B03

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