中国与中亚五国经济合作的障碍与对策

发布时间：2018-07-04 19:25

本文选题：中国 + 中亚　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：经济区域和全球化经济合作成为当今世界经济发展的两大趋势,无论从地缘还是运行机制来看,世界经济各个组成部分正日趋形成一个相互依存、难以分割的有机整体。中国与中亚五国经济的合作,既是经济全球化的必然趋势,也是崛起中的中国全方位走向世界的必然选择。随着中国西部大开发以及向西开放战略的实施,中国这个偏远的内陆省区由封闭的“袋底”一跃成为中国向中亚国家开放的前沿阵地。新疆在中国对外开放战略的指导下,已逐步形成“沿桥依桥、外引内联、东进西出、向西倾斜”全方位开放的新格局,但新疆与中亚诸国合作涉及的领域还不多、合作规模还不大,合作方式还比较单一,在经贸往来中尚处于“通道经济”的尴尬境地。因此,本文以经济理论为基础,借助中国实施产业梯度转移的机会,东联西出,把新疆的地缘、资源优势和东部的资金、技术优势紧密结合起来,加强与中亚五国的经济合作,提升向西开放水平,实现中国与中亚经济“共赢”和“协同”的目标。首先，本文对中国与中亚五国经济合作的必要性分析。分析了中国与中亚五国合作的国际、国内政治经济背景和中亚各国的外交政策和经济合作对中国发展的战略意义。其次，分析研究了中国与中亚五国地缘经济合作现状，具体分析了中国与吉尔吉斯斯坦、土库曼斯坦、乌兹别克斯坦、塔吉克斯坦、哈萨克斯坦经济合作的领域、方式和规模。最后，主要从中国的经贸合作优势、交通枢纽优势、地缘区位优势、矿产资源优势、与中亚国家的文化交往优势以及地区局部利益因素、基础设施障碍因素、体制与制度障碍因素、产业结构障碍因素等方面具体研究了中国与中亚五国济合作的有利条件和主要障碍因素问题。主要得出以下的结论： (1)在区域范围之内，能源价格问题是能源供应问题的主要方面，由于能源价格的增加可能会导致区域范围内能源问题的进一步恶化。（2）石油和天然气等能源的出口是中亚国家经济发展的重要动力。因为石油、天然气等能源的出口为中亚国家提供广阔的资金来源，，这也进一步促进了中亚各国商业和经济的发展。（3）中国拟打通地缘界限从中亚陆路进入到欧洲区域，连接中国与欧洲西亚和的过境走廊。通过这条路会通过来自中国的新洲际路线，并直接给中国进入欧洲。在这种情况下中亚有可能会变成中国的新巴拿马运河。
[Abstract]:Economic region and globalization economic cooperation have become the two major trends of the world economic development. From the point of view of geography and operation mechanism, every component of the world economy is gradually forming an organic whole which is interdependent and difficult to separate. The economic cooperation between China and the five Central Asian countries is not only the inevitable trend of economic globalization, but also the inevitable choice for the rising China to move towards the world. With the development of western China and the implementation of the strategy of opening to the west, the remote inland province of China has become a frontier position for China to open to the Central Asian countries from a closed "bag bottom". Under the guidance of China's strategy of opening to the outside world, Xinjiang has gradually formed a new pattern of "relying on the bridge along the bridge, drawing inline from the outside, moving eastward into and out of the west and tilting west to the west". However, the cooperation between Xinjiang and the Central Asian countries has not involved many fields. The cooperation scale is not big, the cooperation way is still relatively single, in the economic and trade exchange is still in the "channel economy" the awkward situation. Therefore, on the basis of economic theory and with the help of the opportunity for China to implement industrial gradient transfer, the Eastern Union is moving west to the west, closely combining Xinjiang's geographical, resource and technological advantages with the five Central Asian countries to strengthen their economic cooperation. To raise the level of opening to the west and realize the goal of "win-win" and "synergy" between China and Central Asia. First of all, this paper analyzes the necessity of economic cooperation between China and Central Asia. This paper analyzes the international, domestic political and economic background of the cooperation between China and the five Central Asian countries, and the strategic significance of the foreign policy and economic cooperation of the Central Asian countries to China's development. Secondly, it analyzes the current situation of geo-economic cooperation between China and five Central Asian countries, and analyzes the fields, modes and scale of economic cooperation between China and Kyrgyzstan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan. Finally, mainly from the advantages of China's economic and trade cooperation, transportation hub, geographical location, mineral resources, cultural exchanges with Central Asian countries, regional interests, infrastructure obstacles, This paper studies the favorable conditions and main obstacles of economic cooperation between China and the five Central Asian countries from the aspects of institutional and institutional obstacles, industrial structure obstacles and so on. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in the regional context, energy price is the main aspect of energy supply. The increase in energy prices may lead to further deterioration of energy problems in the region. (2) the export of oil and natural gas and other energy sources is an important driving force for the economic development of Central Asian countries. Because the export of oil, natural gas and other energy sources provides a broad source of capital for Central Asian countries, this has further promoted the commercial and economic development of Central Asian countries. (3) China plans to open the geographical boundary from Central Asia to Europe by land. A transit corridor linking China with Western Europe and Europe. This route will pass through the new intercontinental route from China and give China direct access to Europe. In this case, Central Asia could become China's New Panama Canal.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：F125.5;F136

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