我国农业劳动力转移对城乡收入差距的影响研究

发布时间：2018-02-27 13:51

本文关键词： 农业劳动力城乡收入差距收入均等　出处：《辽宁大学》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：从历史经验来看，农业劳动力转移对一国经济发展通常扮演着重要角色。一国工业化和城镇化进程必不可少的要伴随着农业剩余劳动力向城市非农产业部门的不断转移。从发达国家的经验来看，城市非农产业的扩张会导致其工作岗位和工资水平的提高，从而能够促使农业劳动力转移。根据经济学基本原理可知，农业劳动力向非农产业转移，通常会提高农业劳动边际生产率和报酬水平，而起到抑制非农产业劳动边际生产率和报酬水平的作用，从而能够缩小城乡收入差距。但实际上，伴随着我国农业劳动力的不断转移，城乡收入差距未能呈现相同趋势的缩小，而是呈现一定的波动性。因此，有必要针对这种情况研究农业劳动力转移影响城乡收入差距的机理以及我国农业劳动力转移未能有效缩小城乡收入差距的成因分析。文章系统梳理国内外学者的相关研究成果，为后续研究奠定了理论基础；考察了我国劳动力转移特征和城乡收入差距的现状；在此背景下，重点研究了农业劳动力转移对城乡收入差距的作用机理，并深入探讨了在我国特定的社会经济条件下，是由哪些因素影响其机理的发挥；比较分析了美国、日本以及韩国通过农业劳动力转移缩小城乡收入差距的成功经验；在上述研究的基础上，，结合中国实际情况，提出了适合中国国情的政策建议：加大人力资本投资，提高农民工工资；统一劳动力市场，保障农民工权利；加快农村和农业发展，加大政府支持力度；加快产业结构升级，发展劳动密集型产业。
[Abstract]:From the historical experience, The transfer of agricultural labor force usually plays an important role in the economic development of a country. The process of industrialization and urbanization of a country must be accompanied by the continuous transfer of agricultural surplus labor force to the urban non-agricultural industrial sector. The expansion of urban non-agricultural industries will lead to higher jobs and higher wages, which will promote the transfer of agricultural labor. According to the basic principles of economics, the transfer of agricultural labor to non-agricultural industries, It usually increases the marginal productivity and remuneration level of agricultural labor, and acts as a deterrent to the marginal productivity and remuneration level of non-agricultural labor, thereby reducing the income gap between urban and rural areas. With the continuous transfer of agricultural labor force in China, the income gap between urban and rural areas does not show the same trend of narrowing, but presents certain volatility. It is necessary to study the mechanism of the agricultural labor transfer affecting the urban-rural income gap and the analysis of the causes that the agricultural labor transfer can not effectively reduce the urban-rural income gap. The article systematically combs the domestic and foreign scholars' related research results, establishes the theoretical foundation for the follow-up research; examines the characteristics of labor force transfer in China and the current situation of the urban-rural income gap; under this background, This paper focuses on the mechanism of the agricultural labor force transfer on the income gap between urban and rural areas, and probes into the factors that influence its mechanism under the specific social and economic conditions in China. The successful experiences of Japan and South Korea in narrowing the income gap between urban and rural areas through the transfer of agricultural labor force. On the basis of the above research and combining with the actual situation in China, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions suitable for China's national conditions: increasing investment in human capital. To improve the wages of migrant workers; to unify the labor market to protect the rights of migrant workers; to accelerate the development of rural areas and agriculture and to increase government support; to speed up the upgrading of industrial structure and the development of labor-intensive industries.
【学位授予单位】：辽宁大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F323.6;F124.7

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