我国国家技术能力影响因素分析
发布时间：2018-11-12 17:24
【摘要】：知识经济时代,国家技术能力越来越多的被用来衡量一个国家的综合实力。中国改革开放30年来,经济得到快速发展,不论是在文化教育还是在企业数量、质量上都取得非常大的进步,但目前我国国家技术能力却仍与发达国家相距甚远。了解什么是国家技术能力,哪些因素决定了国家技术能力的大小以及目前我国国家技术能力所处国际位置等问题是我们今后去提升国家技术能力的基础和突破口。文中通过整理国内外学者对当前国家技术能力发展的研究,界定了国家技术能力是一个技术引进、消化吸收、技术创新、存储和扩散的过程,同时界定了衡量国家技术能力大小包括了科技创新产出、科技基础设施、人力资源发展这三个维度,其中这三个维度又包含了8个主要影响因素。文中通过世界银行等机构整理了大量的数据资料,通过采用主成分分析和多元线性回归分析等方法,运用SPSS软件对20个国家的8个因素进行了横向、纵向的数据分析,线性回归分析让我们了解到底哪些因素最大程度上决定了国家技术能力的大小。 本文通过横向数据分析得出了国家技术能力的计算公式和20个样本国家技术能力大小的排名,得出影响国家技术能力各因素的权重关系,找到了我国国家技术能力与其他国家的差距所在；通过纵向数据分析得出了样本国家近10年的国家技术能力大概走势,了解了我国及世界主要发达国家的国家技术能力一直以来的发展情况；通过线性回归分析了解了影响国家技术能力发展的主要因素；通过全部的研究来针对我国情况提出发展存在的问题,并提出相应的建议。研究建议国家技术能力的发展需要政府提高认识,积极促进科技体制改革；增加在科技教育上的财政支出；加大科技基础设施的建设等。了解和认识国家技术能力的构成、影响因素以及其重要性,是后期努力去提升的基础。
[Abstract]:In the era of knowledge economy, more and more national technical capabilities are used to measure the comprehensive strength of a country. Since the reform and opening to the outside world 30 years ago, China's economy has developed rapidly, both in terms of cultural education and enterprise quantity and quality. However, at present, China's national technological capabilities are still far from those of developed countries. To know what national technological capability is, what factors determine the size of national technical capability and the international position of our national technical capability are the basis and breakthrough for us to upgrade national technological capability in the future. By sorting out the current research on the development of national technological capability, this paper defines the national technological capability as a process of technology introduction, digestion, absorption, technological innovation, storage and diffusion. At the same time, the paper defines the three dimensions of measuring the national technological capacity, including the output of science and technology innovation, the infrastructure of science and technology, and the development of human resources, among which the three dimensions contain eight main factors. In this paper, a large number of data are collected through the World Bank and other institutions. By using principal component analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis, 8 factors in 20 countries are analyzed horizontally and longitudinally by using SPSS software. Linear regression analysis shows us which factors determine the state's technological capacity to the greatest extent. In this paper, the calculation formula of national technical capacity and the ranking of technical capability of 20 sample countries are obtained through horizontal data analysis, and the weight relation of factors influencing national technological capacity is obtained. Found the gap between China's national technical capacity and other countries; Through the longitudinal data analysis, we get the general trend of the national technical capacity of the sample countries in the past 10 years, and understand the development of the national technical capacity of our country and the main developed countries in the world. The main factors affecting the development of national technological capacity are understood by linear regression analysis, and the problems of development are put forward through all the studies, and the corresponding suggestions are put forward. The research suggests that the development of national technological capability needs the government to raise awareness, actively promote the reform of science and technology system, increase the financial expenditure on science and technology education, and increase the construction of science and technology infrastructure, etc. Understanding and understanding the composition, influencing factors and importance of national technical capacity is the basis of the later efforts to upgrade.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.3
本文编号：2327728
[Abstract]:In the era of knowledge economy, more and more national technical capabilities are used to measure the comprehensive strength of a country. Since the reform and opening to the outside world 30 years ago, China's economy has developed rapidly, both in terms of cultural education and enterprise quantity and quality. However, at present, China's national technological capabilities are still far from those of developed countries. To know what national technological capability is, what factors determine the size of national technical capability and the international position of our national technical capability are the basis and breakthrough for us to upgrade national technological capability in the future. By sorting out the current research on the development of national technological capability, this paper defines the national technological capability as a process of technology introduction, digestion, absorption, technological innovation, storage and diffusion. At the same time, the paper defines the three dimensions of measuring the national technological capacity, including the output of science and technology innovation, the infrastructure of science and technology, and the development of human resources, among which the three dimensions contain eight main factors. In this paper, a large number of data are collected through the World Bank and other institutions. By using principal component analysis and multivariate linear regression analysis, 8 factors in 20 countries are analyzed horizontally and longitudinally by using SPSS software. Linear regression analysis shows us which factors determine the state's technological capacity to the greatest extent. In this paper, the calculation formula of national technical capacity and the ranking of technical capability of 20 sample countries are obtained through horizontal data analysis, and the weight relation of factors influencing national technological capacity is obtained. Found the gap between China's national technical capacity and other countries; Through the longitudinal data analysis, we get the general trend of the national technical capacity of the sample countries in the past 10 years, and understand the development of the national technical capacity of our country and the main developed countries in the world. The main factors affecting the development of national technological capacity are understood by linear regression analysis, and the problems of development are put forward through all the studies, and the corresponding suggestions are put forward. The research suggests that the development of national technological capability needs the government to raise awareness, actively promote the reform of science and technology system, increase the financial expenditure on science and technology education, and increase the construction of science and technology infrastructure, etc. Understanding and understanding the composition, influencing factors and importance of national technical capacity is the basis of the later efforts to upgrade.
【学位授予单位】：浙江工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F124.3
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