不同潮湿状态下沥青路面附着系数及行车安全影响研究

发布时间：2018-03-25 19:10

本文选题：行车安全　切入点：抗滑性　出处：《重庆交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来随着机动车拥有量快速增长,交通事故频发,道路交通安全问题已引起广泛注意,尤其是灾害天气不利因素情况下引起的突发事故。灾害天气是引起交通事故的重要因素之一,尤其是降雨后沥青路面在水的作用下将会变得湿滑,路面上高速行驶的车辆,在水的润滑作用下容易出现打滑,甚至形成滑水现象,使得汽车偏离正常的行驶方向,更严重的时候则会发生侧滑、追尾等事故。同时前车行驶产生的溅水和喷雾,将会对后面行驶车辆的能见度产生影响,增加了雨天事故的危害性。道路上存在的安全问题对车辆运行的效率和安全产生了严重影响。因此必须要提高对道路的要求,道路不能够满足于通行这个基本要求,更需要公路具有良好的安全性。路面抗滑性能越好,行驶在上面车辆的附着性就会越好,因为道路原因导致的交通事故也会明显减少。因此,必须要对灾害条件下的产生事故的基本原理进行探究,找到原因提出对策,从而保证行车。本文首先对国内外路面抗滑性的研究状况进行了梳理总结,并对影响沥青路面摩擦系数的因素进行了分析,并分析了目前路面常用的路面抗滑性能的检测方法和检测设备,对比分析了路面纹理构造以及抗滑性能的设备,同时介绍了路面滑水理论模型。其次运用摆式摩擦系数仪对制作的AC-13C、AK-13A、SMA-13三种不同类型沥青路面试块进行了在不同潮湿度、温度、砂砾覆盖量条件下的路面抗滑性研究,通过一系列的相关性试验发现了静态状况下路面摩擦系数与不同影响因素之间的关系。然后根据相似原理,设计了缩尺车模实验,通过缩尺车模实验研究了实际车辆在行驶过程中加速度的变化,从而反应出动态情况下路面影响因素的变化对车辆的摩擦系数的影响,找到潮湿度、速度、砂砾覆盖量等条件在动态情况下与路面摩擦系数之间关系。最后,分析了不同潮湿状态下路面行车安全,同时对轮胎与沥青路表界面抗滑机理以及对沥青路面试验进行了综合分析,并综合以上研究提出了灾害条件下沥青公路行车安全改善对策研究。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the rapid growth of vehicle ownership and frequent traffic accidents, the problem of road traffic safety has attracted extensive attention. Disaster weather is one of the important factors that cause traffic accidents, especially the asphalt pavement will become wet and slippery under the action of water after rainfall, and the vehicles on the road will travel at high speed. Under the lubricating action of water, it is easy to slip, or even form a water skiing phenomenon, which makes the car deviate from the normal driving direction. In more serious cases, accidents such as side slide and rear-end will occur. At the same time, the splash and spray produced by the driving of the car in front of it will occur. Will have an impact on the visibility of the vehicle behind it and increase the danger of rainy weather accidents. The safety problems on the road have a serious impact on the efficiency and safety of the vehicle's operation. Therefore, it is necessary to raise the requirements on the road, Roads cannot meet the basic requirements of passing through, and they need good safety on the road. The better the skid resistance of the road, the better the adhesion of the vehicles on top. Traffic accidents caused by road causes will also be significantly reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to explore the basic principles of accidents under disaster conditions, and to find out the causes and put forward countermeasures. In this paper, firstly, the research status of pavement anti-skid resistance at home and abroad is summarized, and the factors affecting the friction coefficient of asphalt pavement are analyzed. At the same time, the paper analyzes the detection methods and equipment of pavement anti-skid performance, compares and analyzes the pavement texture structure and the equipment of anti-skid performance. At the same time, the paper introduces the theoretical model of pavement water skiing. Secondly, using the pendulum friction coefficient instrument, three different types of asphalt pavement test blocks, AC-13CnAK-13AK-SMA-13, are studied under the conditions of different humidity, temperature and sand gravel coverage. Through a series of correlation tests, the relationship between pavement friction coefficient and different influencing factors is found under static condition. Then, according to the principle of similarity, the experiment of scaling vehicle model is designed. The change of acceleration in the driving process of actual vehicle is studied through the scale model experiment, which reflects the influence of the influence factors of road surface on the friction coefficient of the vehicle under dynamic conditions, and finds out the degree of humidity and speed. The relationship between the gravel coverage and the friction coefficient of the pavement under dynamic conditions is analyzed. Finally, the road safety under different moisture conditions is analyzed. At the same time, the anti-skid mechanism of tire and asphalt pavement surface and the test of asphalt pavement are comprehensively analyzed, and the countermeasures to improve the driving safety of asphalt highway under the disaster condition are put forward.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U416.217;U492.84

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