尖山磷矿边坡监测及预测预报研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 23:21

本文选题：边坡监测 + 边坡变形　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：本文以尖山磷矿边坡为研究对象,在广泛地质调研的基础上,分析了尖山磷矿边坡的地质环境特征、工程地质特性、岩体结构特征,同时通过对国内外边坡监测方法和技术的适用性评价的基础上,建立TM30+GeoMos尖山磷矿边坡自动监测系统；根据监测过程中获取的监测数据,采用插补方法和奇异值检验方法对监测数据进行了预处理研究,在预处理研究和边坡滑移机理研究的基础上,对边坡的变形分析方法进行研究,分析了尖山磷矿边坡变形时空演化规律、变形特征和失稳模式。在边坡变形预测预报模型应用研究的基础上,结合边坡综合预报预警判据,开展了边坡综合预测预报方法研究。通过尖山磷矿边坡的现场监测、变形分析、预测预报模型研究和预报预警判据研究,主要取得了以下研究成果： (1)实现了尖山磷矿边坡自动监测。在对尖山磷矿边坡工程地质环境分析的基础上,确定该边坡监测以表面变形监测为主,辅以裂缝观测、巡视检查相结合的监测方案。在监测技术适用性分析的基础上,结合监测成本和监测效果等因素,确定了尖山磷矿边坡采用测量机器人技术对该边坡进行表面变形监测,建立TM30+GeoMos尖山磷矿边坡自动监测系统,实现了对尖山磷矿边坡进行实时、动态、自动监测。从监测结果反映的实际情况看,尖山磷矿边坡监测系统较为合理,获取的监测数据为边坡失稳破坏灾害的预测预报及工程治理效果分析提供了可靠的科学依据,与常规方法相比测量机器人具有效率高、精度高、自动化程度高、维护方便、运行成本低等优点。 (2)实现了尖山磷矿边坡变形的实时、动态综合分析。在对边坡的滑移机理进行分析的基础上,认为对边坡体上监测点的变形量的大小由监测点的位移量或位移速率来决定,边坡体上监测点的运动方向由位移矢量角和方位角来决定。传统的分析方法只考虑位移量或位移速率的大小,没有结合滑移方向来综合分析,这种分析方法不够全面。因此,本文提出综合位移-时间序列分析法、位移速率角分析法、位移矢量角分析法、和位移方位角分析法和三维位移矢量场分析法的边坡变形综合分析方法,编写边坡变形分析程序,实现了尖山磷矿边坡变形的实时、动态综合分析。 (3)提出了边坡变形三维位移矢量场分析方法。针对传统边坡变形二维位移矢量场分析方法的不足,本文提出了边坡变形三维位移矢量场图分析方法,分析得出尖山磷矿边坡整体的变形失稳模式为滑移-弯曲型,即边坡体上部呈整体下滑的趋势,监测点F1、F2、F3三个监测点隆起现象较为明显,边坡体在监测点F1、F2、F3周围的一定范围内已经发生了溃屈破坏。应用研究表明,该方法可以直观、准确地分析边坡变形特征及失稳模式,是分析边坡变形失稳模式的一种可靠的新方法。 (4)立边坡失稳破坏预报预警综合判据。根据边坡位移-时间过程曲线、边坡位移矢量角、边坡位移速率角、边坡位移方位角、边坡突变级数以及边坡宏观变形特征,采用定性分析和定量分析方法,建立了注意级(蓝色)、警示级(黄色)、警戒级(橙色)、预报级(红色)四个级别的多参数综合预警判据。 (5)现了尖山磷矿边坡动态、综合预测预报。将边坡失稳预测预报模型和预报预警判据相结合,开展了动态、综合预测预报方法研究,编写了综合预测预报程序。实现了尖山磷矿边坡动态、综合预测预报。当尖山磷矿边坡进入橙色预警时,及时发出预报,并提出了应急处置措施。该预测预报程序在尖山磷矿边坡的应用表明,该程序发挥了保证尖山磷矿露天采场安全、高效生产的作用,可在类似条件的边坡工程中加以推广应用。
[Abstract]:Taking the Jianshan phosphate rock slope as the research object, on the basis of extensive geological investigation, the geological environment characteristics, engineering geological characteristics and rock structure characteristics of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope are analyzed, and the TM30+GeoMos Jianshan phosphate rock slope automatic monitoring system is set up on the basis of the evaluation of the applicability of the monitoring methods and technology of the slope at home and abroad. According to the monitoring data obtained in the monitoring process, the monitoring data are pretreated by the interpolation method and the singular value test method. On the basis of the study of the preprocessing and the study of the slope sliding mechanism, the deformation analysis method of the slope is studied. The temporal and spatial evolution law, the deformation characteristics and the loss of the deformation of the phosphorus mine slope in Jianshan are analyzed. On the basis of the application of the slope deformation prediction model, combined with the comprehensive prediction and early warning criterion of slope, the comprehensive prediction method of slope is carried out.
Through the field monitoring, deformation analysis, prediction model research and prediction and early warning criterion research of Jianshan phosphate mine slope, the following achievements have been achieved:
(1) the automatic monitoring of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope is realized. On the basis of the analysis of the engineering geological environment of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope, it is determined that the slope monitoring is mainly based on the surface deformation monitoring, and the monitoring scheme is combined with the crack observation and inspection inspection. On the basis of the analysis of the applicability of the monitoring technology, the monitoring cost and the monitoring effect are combined. Jianshan phosphate rock slope is determined by measuring robot technology to monitor the surface deformation of the slope, and the automatic monitoring system of TM30+GeoMos Jianshan phosphate rock slope is established. The real-time, dynamic and automatic monitoring of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope is realized. From the actual situation reflected by the monitoring results, the Jianshan phosphate rock slope monitoring system is more reasonable and obtained. The monitoring data provide a reliable scientific basis for the prediction of slope instability and failure disaster and the analysis of the effect of engineering treatment. Compared with the conventional methods, the robot has the advantages of high efficiency, high precision, high automation, convenient maintenance and low running cost.
(2) the real time and dynamic comprehensive analysis of the slope deformation of Jianshan phosphate rock is realized. On the basis of the analysis of the sliding mechanism of the slope, it is believed that the size of the deformation of the monitoring point on the slope is determined by the displacement or displacement rate of the monitoring point. The direction of the monitoring point on the slope is determined by the displacement vector angle and azimuth angle. The analysis method only considers the size of displacement or displacement rate and does not combine the direction of slip. This method is not comprehensive enough. Therefore, this paper proposes a comprehensive displacement time series analysis method, displacement rate angle analysis method, displacement vector angle analysis method, displacement azimuth analysis method and three-dimensional displacement vector field analysis method. The comprehensive analysis method of slope deformation is used to compile the slope deformation analysis program. The real-time and dynamic comprehensive analysis of the slope deformation of Jianshan phosphate mine is realized.
(3) a three-dimensional displacement vector field analysis method for slope deformation is proposed. Aiming at the deficiency of the traditional two dimensional displacement vector field analysis method of the traditional slope deformation, a three-dimensional displacement vector field map analysis method is proposed in this paper. The analysis shows that the overall deformation instability mode of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope is a slip bending type, that is, the upper side of the slope is down as a whole. The trend of three monitoring points of monitoring points, F1, F2 and F3, is more obvious. The slope has been destroyed in a certain range around the monitoring point F1, F2 and F3. The application study shows that the method can directly and accurately analyze the deformation characteristics and the instability mode of the slope, which is a reliable new method for the analysis of the slope deformation and instability mode.
(4) a comprehensive criterion for prediction and early warning of slope instability failure. According to the slope displacement time process curve, slope displacement vector angle, slope displacement rate angle, slope displacement azimuth angle, slope catastrophe progression and slope macroscopic deformation characteristics, the qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis method are adopted to establish the attention level (blue), warning level (yellow) and alert level. Orange (Orange), the forecast level (red) four levels of multi parameter comprehensive warning criteria.
(5) the dynamic of Jianshan phosphate rock slope is presented, and the forecast prediction is integrated. The dynamic, comprehensive prediction and prediction method is carried out with the combination of the prediction model of slope instability prediction and prediction and early warning criterion. The comprehensive prediction and prediction program has been compiled. The dynamic of the Jianshan phosphate rock slope is realized and the prediction is integrated. When the Jianshan phosphate rock slope enters the orange warning, and The application of the forecast program in Jianshan phosphate rock slope shows that the program plays the role of ensuring the safety of the open pit and efficient production of the Jianshan phosphate mine, and can be applied in the slope engineering with similar conditions.

【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TD76;TD871.3

【参考文献】