危险化学品运输路径及选址问题研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 07:48

本文选题：危险化学品 + 多模式运输模型　；参考：《北京化工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：近些年来,工业作为中国国民经济的一个支柱,发展势头很快。工业生产中,经常会使用到危险化学品,而且使用到的危险化学品的品种越来越多、数量越来越大。危险化学品是指具有毒性、易燃烧等性质,对人类和环境等有危害的化学品。危险化学品在与其相关的环节,都有可能发生事故。危险化学品事故具有概率小,危害大的特点。旦发生事故,会给国家和人民带来巨大的灾难。运输环节是危险化学品从生产阶段向消费阶段转移过程中的重要一环。因此,对危险化学品运输问题进行研究显得尤其重要。本文在了解危险化学品运输问题的基础上,首先给出了危险化学品运输的风险度量和费用度量,其中风险度量考虑了危险化学品运输的事故概率和影响面积。其次,本文考虑了危险化学品运输问题的模型和求解算法,给出了危险化学品运输问题常见模型的刻画和求解模型的算法。第三,本文提出了一个公路运输模型和一个公路-铁路联合运输模型,模型中考虑了多起点、多终点、多种类的危险化学品的运输。应用常见的启发式算法-蚁群算法进行求解,并对两种运输模式进行比较、分析。第四,本文提出了一个考虑时间鲁棒性的双层次应急中心选址模型。因为车辆旅行时间受天气、路况等因素影响,常会发生扰动,是时变的参数。新模型考虑了时间对应急中心选址的影响,将时间进行鲁棒优化。使用模拟退火算法求解新模型,并对结果进行分析。最后对全文做一个总结,给出未来的研究方向。
[Abstract]:In recent years, industry as a pillar of China's national economy, the momentum of development. Hazardous chemicals are often used in industrial production, and more dangerous chemicals are used. Hazardous chemicals are toxic, flammable and harmful to human beings and the environment. Hazardous chemicals are likely to occur accidents in their related links. Hazardous chemical accidents have the characteristics of small probability and great harm. Once an accident occurs, it will bring great disaster to the country and the people. Transportation is an important link in the transfer of hazardous chemicals from production to consumption. Therefore, it is particularly important to study the transport of hazardous chemicals. Based on the understanding of the transport of hazardous chemicals, this paper first gives the risk measurement and cost measurement of the transport of hazardous chemicals. The risk measurement considers the accident probability and the impact area of the transportation of hazardous chemicals. Secondly, this paper considers the model and solution algorithm of the transport problem of hazardous chemicals. In this paper, the description of common models for transportation of hazardous chemicals and the algorithm for solving the models are given. Thirdly, a road transport model and a highway / railway transport model are proposed, in which multiple starting points and multiple endpoints are considered in the model. Transport of a variety of dangerous chemicals. Ant colony algorithm, a common heuristic algorithm, is used to solve the problem, and the two transport modes are compared and analyzed. Fourthly, a two-layer emergency center location model considering time robustness is proposed. Because vehicle travel time is affected by weather, road conditions and other factors, it is often disturbed and is a time-varying parameter. The new model considers the influence of time on the location of emergency center and optimizes the time. The simulated annealing algorithm is used to solve the new model, and the results are analyzed. Finally, a summary of the whole paper is given, and the future research direction is given.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TQ086.52

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