纳米粒子增强弹性体复合材料有限元分析及本构方程研究

发布时间：2018-08-25 16:15

【摘要】：橡胶弹性体本构理论是橡胶科学中非常重要的研究课题。在过去的一个多世纪中提出了一些本构模型。随着炭黑增强橡胶复合材料研究的深入,发现了高分子链和炭黑聚集体间相互作用一些新现象,如逾渗现象,这些现象需要用新理论进行描述。因此,探索增强弹性体复合材料新理论具有非常重要的意义。本研究的主要内容如下：(1)在近期发现的高分子链在炭黑聚集体表面的滑移现象及炭黑聚体间高分子链解缚现象的基础上对炭黑填充橡胶的大分子网络链组本构模型进行了修正,并对修正前后的本构模型进行实验检验,结果表明修正后本构模型结果比修正前结果与实验数据的吻合效果更好。(2)采用代表性体积单元(RVE)分析了粒子体积分数、粒子外形、粒子直径及粒子分散对复合材料力学性能的影响。结果表明随着炭黑粒子体积分数的增加,橡胶复合材料的模量逐渐增大；在一定范围内,粒径越小对复合材料的增强越有利；粒子外形为球形、三棱柱、20面体及圆柱形对复合材料模量影响大小的排序是：三棱柱圆柱20面体球形；粒子分散度越大,对应的复合材料的模量越大。(3)采用代表性体积单元(RVE)从细观角度研究了纳米级别炭黑粒子粒径、分散度及粒子外形进行了正交仿真实验研究,结果表明对复合材料力学性能影响大小的排序是：粒子体积分数粒子外形分散度。(4)研究了炭黑粒子和橡胶基质之间的界面层对复合力学性能的影响程度。研究表明,界面层厚度减小,会使复合材料的等效模量变小；厚度较小时,界面相对刚度影响较弱。界面相模量增加,复合材料等效模量也在增加；复合材料组成成分承受应力排序为：颗粒内部应力界面层应力基体应力.
[Abstract]:The constitutive theory of rubber elastomer is a very important research topic in rubber science. Some constitutive models have been proposed in the past century. With the development of carbon black reinforced rubber composites some new phenomena such as percolation between polymer chains and carbon black aggregates have been found which need to be described by new theory. Therefore, it is of great significance to explore the new theory of reinforced elastomer composites. The main contents of this study are as follows: (1) on the basis of the slippage of polymer chains on the surface of carbon black aggregates and the phenomenon of polymer chain unbonding between carbon black polymers, the macromolecular network chain structure of carbon black filled rubber was studied. The model is modified, The experimental results show that the modified constitutive model is in better agreement with the experimental data. (2) the particle volume fraction and particle shape are analyzed by the representative volume unit (RVE). Effects of particle diameter and particle dispersion on mechanical properties of composites. The results show that the modulus of rubber composites increases gradually with the increase of volume fraction of carbon black particles, and the smaller the particle size is, the more favorable the composite is. The order of the influence of triangular prism on the modulus of composite material is as follows: the shape of triangular prism is spherical, the dispersion of particles is larger, (3) the particle size, dispersion and shape of nano-sized carbon black particles were studied from the meso point of view by the representative volume unit (RVE). The results show that the order of influence on the mechanical properties of composites is particle volume fraction particle shape dispersion. (4) the influence of the interfacial layer between carbon black particles and rubber matrix on the composite mechanical properties is studied. The results show that the thickness of the interface layer decreases the equivalent modulus of the composite is smaller and the relative stiffness of the interface is weaker when the thickness is small. The equivalent modulus of the composite increases with the increase of the interfacial mode, and the composition of the composite is in the order of the stress in the interfacial layer of the particle and the stress matrix stress in the interfacial layer.
【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TQ334;TB33

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