考虑设施失效的应急物流系统选址—路径优化研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 08:40

本文关键词：考虑设施失效的应急物流系统选址—路径优化研究　出处：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：中国是为数不多的几个受到自然灾害严重侵袭的国家之一,每年因为地震等自然灾害和突发事件造成的国民经济损失和人员伤亡数目十分惊人。针对于此,如何能够降低自然灾害所带来的经济损失和人员伤亡,是我们所面临的一个非常重要的挑战。当地震等自然灾害事件发生时,往往需要大量的各种物资,如药品、食品和帐篷等等。这个时候就要快速启动救助行动,如何能够做到快速精准的物资投送就成为救援的关键,同时也就成为通过科学方法和有效管理以降低自然灾害造成损失的关键。因而针对救援的应急物流就会凸显作用,而在这其中应急物流的设施选址和路径规划是影响应急物流整体发展最重要、也是最为基础的两大问题。现在很多的学者都是在环境确定的前提下对物流网络进行优化,包括设施选址、物资分配和运输路线优化等。而实际情况却要复杂一些,物流的基础设施如仓库和配送中心等会因为环境变化等因素造成失效,从而会对应急物流的路径规划造成很大的影响。通过研究在考虑设施失效的条件下应急物流系统中的选址-路径问题,以及应急物流设施失效对于应急物资运输网络造成的影响,本文分析了不同的设施失效情景。然后分析具体情景下的救援时间和救援成本函数,在满足应急配送中心覆盖最大的约束条件下,以物资配送时间最小和救援成本最小建立应急物流多目标优化模型。接着又分析了应急物流物资配送中的其他成本,包括配送中心的固定运行成本,车辆的运输成本等等,最终在考虑设施失效条件下构建了应急物流系统选址-路径优化模型。而后,通过一个算例的计算和结果分析来验证该模型的有效性。在求解算例的过程中利用MATLAB软件编制遗传算法程序求解。通过该算例的求解结果分析验证了本文模型的合理性以及遗传算法有效性。为应急物流网络优化的研究以及选址-路径规划方面的研究提供了一定的参考依据。
[Abstract]:China is one of the few countries seriously affected by natural disasters. The number of national economic losses and casualties caused by natural disasters such as earthquakes and sudden events is staggering every year. How to reduce the economic losses and casualties caused by natural disasters is a very important challenge for us. When earthquakes and other natural disasters occur, a large number of materials are often needed. Drugs, food, tents and so on. This time to start the rescue operation quickly, how to achieve rapid and accurate delivery of goods is the key to rescue. At the same time, it becomes the key to reduce the losses caused by natural disasters through scientific methods and effective management. Therefore, emergency logistics for relief will play an important role. Among them, the location of emergency logistics facilities and path planning is the most important impact on the overall development of emergency logistics. Now many scholars have optimized the logistics network under the premise of environment determination, including facility location. Material distribution and transportation route optimization. But the actual situation is more complex, logistics infrastructure such as warehouse and distribution center will be due to environmental changes and other factors caused by failure. This will have a great impact on the path planning of emergency logistics. Through the study of the emergency logistics system under the consideration of the failure of facilities in the location-path problem. As well as the impact of emergency logistics facilities failure on the emergency material transportation network, this paper analyzes the different facilities failure scenarios, and then analyzes the rescue time and rescue cost function under specific scenarios. Under the condition of satisfying the maximum coverage of emergency distribution center. The multi-objective optimization model of emergency logistics is established based on the minimum material distribution time and the minimum rescue cost. Then the other costs in the material distribution of emergency logistics are analyzed including the fixed operating cost of the distribution center. The transportation cost of the vehicle and so on, finally under the consideration of the failure condition of the facility to construct the emergency logistics system site-path optimization model. Then. The validity of the model is verified by the calculation and result analysis of an example. In the process of solving the example, the genetic algorithm program is compiled by MATLAB software. The rationality of the model and the validity of genetic algorithm provide a certain reference for the study of emergency logistics network optimization and site-path planning.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U116;F252

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