山区公路景观色彩的交通环境辨识理论基础研究

发布时间：2018-01-08 10:07

本文关键词：山区公路景观色彩的交通环境辨识理论基础研究　出处：《重庆交通大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：山区公路具有线形复杂、变化频繁等特点,驾驶员在行驶的过程中常常处于紧张心理状态。不同的景观色彩能够对驾驶员的心理活动产生不同的影响,一方面能够缓解驾驶员的紧张心理,舒缓驾驶员的视觉疲劳,另一方面能够对驾驶员进行刺激,使驾驶员能够迅速发现或者能够迅速识别由色彩构成的交通安全标志,从而引起驾驶员的警觉,避免交通安全事故的发生。本论文从道路景观色彩与光线的角度出发,研究景观色彩对山区公路交通安全的影响,对山区公路景观色彩进行安全评价,为道路景观色彩设计提供设计参考依据。论文首先通过对山区公路主要的景观元素进行归纳,明确论文研究山区公路主要的景观元素,继而通过对景观元素的色彩进行分类,分析山区公路景观色彩的基本属性和基本性质,并在此的基础上分析由多种色彩组合形成的视觉对比效果。然后基于色彩体验金字塔理论,得出山区公路不同景观色彩对驾驶员的心理感知,由此分析景观色彩给驾驶员带来的物理性视觉误差和心理性视觉误差,分析了影响驾驶员辨识景观色彩的影响因素。得出光线和物体固有色是影响色彩辨识的两大因素。通过驾驶员的视觉行为特征分析,对在山区公路行驶过程中,不同车速情况下,驾驶员的视觉敏感度、视线集中点、车前可视距和视野角度进行了具体的量化,得出驾驶员在不同速度下的视觉辨识度,由此得出在理想状态下,驾驶员辨识色彩的空间距离。再次通过分析光线如何影响驾驶员对景观色彩的识别,分别对一天的晨曦、上午、中午、下午、傍晚和夜晚光线的特点和其色彩进行说明,以此得出不同时段光线对景观色彩的影响,并列举国内外“魔鬼公路”,由于光线原因引起色彩的变化,给驾驶员带来视觉上的误差,不断造成交通事故。最后通过对论文的依托项目万黑路在晴天、阴天和雨天三个不同气候条件下的早晨、中午和傍晚三个光线相对特殊时间段的光线照度和车载视频数据进行采集,基于驾驶员视觉辨识度,分析驾驶员对不同时间段公路的景观色彩的辨识和不安全的隐患。并选择公路线形危险点,分析由于光线变化和行驶方向改变,公路景观色彩改变对驾驶员的影响和造成的安全隐患。通过本文研究,得到在不同车速情况下对景观色彩的视觉辨识度,根据依托项目得到在不同气候条件下的不同时间段,驾驶员对景观色彩的辨识程度和对山区公路交通安全的影响。成果能够对山区公路景观色彩进行安全评价,为道路景观色彩设计提供设计参考依据。
[Abstract]:Mountain highway has the characteristics of complex alignment and frequent changes. Drivers are often in a tense psychological state in the process of driving. Different landscape colors can have different effects on the psychological activities of drivers. On the one hand, it can relieve the tension of the driver, relieve the visual fatigue of the driver, on the other hand, can stimulate the driver. So that the driver can quickly discover or quickly identify the traffic safety signs made up of color, thus causing the driver's vigilance. From the view of road landscape color and light, this paper studies the influence of landscape color on mountain road traffic safety, and evaluates the safety of mountain road landscape color. The paper firstly summarizes the main landscape elements of the mountain road, and makes clear the main landscape elements of the mountain road. Then through the color classification of landscape elements, the basic attributes and properties of mountain highway landscape color are analyzed. On the basis of the analysis of the visual contrast effect formed by a variety of color combinations, and then based on the theory of color experience pyramid, the different landscape color of mountain road to the psychological perception of the driver. This paper analyzes the physical visual error and psychological visual error caused by landscape color to the driver. This paper analyzes the influence factors of drivers' identification of landscape color, and concludes that light and object inherent color are two major factors that affect color identification. Through the analysis of driver's visual behavior characteristics, the paper analyzes the driving process of highway in mountain area. Under different speed conditions, the driver's visual sensitivity, line of sight concentration point, front sight distance and visual field angle are quantified, and the visual identification degree of driver at different speed is obtained. From this, it is concluded that in the ideal state, the driver can identify the space distance of color. Again, by analyzing how the light affects the recognition of landscape color, the morning light, morning, noon, afternoon, respectively. The characteristics of evening and night light and its color are explained, so as to get the influence of light on landscape color in different time periods, and enumerate the "devil road" at home and abroad, which causes the change of color due to light reason. To the driver to bring visual errors, causing traffic accidents. Finally, through the paper relying on the project of black road in sunny, cloudy and rainy weather under three different weather conditions in the morning. At noon and evening, the illumination and video data of three special periods of light are collected, based on the driver's visual identification. This paper analyzes drivers' identification of road landscape color and hidden dangers of insecurity in different periods of time, and selects road alignment danger points to analyze the changes of light and driving direction. Through the research of this paper, we can get the visual recognition degree of landscape color under different speed. According to the project under different climate conditions in different periods of time, drivers on the landscape color identification degree and the impact on mountain road traffic safety. The results of mountain highway landscape color safety evaluation. To provide reference for the design of road landscape color design.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U418.9

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