突发事件下西部高原区公路网运行可靠性及信息采集方法适用性分析

发布时间：2018-03-06 16:17

本文选题：西部高原区　切入点：公路网　出处：《长安大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着经济社会发展,各地区经济联系密切,人们的出行具有时效性和计划性。然而公路网交通系统面临诸多不确定因素,使得路网可靠性不断变化。我国西部高原区公路路网结构简单又常受交通事故和恶劣天气的影响,给人们的出行时间带来较大的不确定性。因此对该地区路网可靠性的分析及评价十分必要。本文重点对西部高原区公路网出行时间的可靠性进行研究。首先分析了公路网和突发事件的概念、分类及特征,在此基础上总结西部高原区公路网具有等级不合理、结构简单等特点,常发的突发事件以交通事故及自然灾害为主。通过分析城市路网可靠性与公路网可靠性影响因素的不同,结合西部高原区路网特点,确定了路网可靠性评价的指标。其次,根据不同突发事件对路网影响形式的不同,分析了交通事故对路网的影响主要取决于事故处的车道数以及阻塞车道占该方向总车道的比例,恶劣天气对路网的影响主要取决于能见度、轮胎与路面的摩擦系数,并分别建立了交通事故下、恶劣天气下(雾天、雨天和冰雪天)以及恶劣天气交通事故下(雾天交通事故、雨天交通事故、冰雪天交通事故)的公路网供需水平及自由流车速模型。在此基础上提出路网出行时间可靠度的评价标准,并建立出行时间可靠性模型,利用Monte Carlo方法设计求解算法。最后分析适用于西部高原区在突发事件下进行交通信息采集的方式,即利用无人机在突发事件下进行交通信息采集,可提高勘探和救援工作的高效性和科学性。
[Abstract]:With the development of economy and society, the economic relationship between different regions is close, and people travel is timely and planned. However, the traffic system of highway network faces many uncertain factors. The reliability of road network is constantly changing. The structure of highway network is simple and often affected by traffic accidents and bad weather. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze and evaluate the reliability of the road network in this area. This paper focuses on the reliability of the highway network in the western highland area. The concept of road networks and emergencies, On the basis of the classification and characteristics, it is concluded that the highway network in the western plateau area has the characteristics of unreasonable grade, simple structure and so on. Traffic accidents and natural disasters are the main emergent events. By analyzing the different factors affecting the reliability of urban road network and highway network, combined with the characteristics of highway network in the western highland area, the index of network reliability evaluation is determined. According to the different impact forms of different emergencies on the road network, it is analyzed that the impact of traffic accidents on the road network mainly depends on the number of lanes in the accident and the proportion of blocked lanes to the total lane in this direction. The impact of bad weather on road network depends mainly on visibility, friction coefficient between tires and road surface, and establishes traffic accidents under traffic accidents, severe weather (fog, rain and snow) and severe weather traffic accidents (fog traffic accidents). Based on the model of highway network supply and demand level and free flow speed, the evaluation standard of road network travel time reliability is put forward, and the travel time reliability model is established. The solution algorithm is designed by using Monte Carlo method. Finally, the method of traffic information acquisition in the western highlands is analyzed, that is, the UAV is used to collect traffic information under emergencies. It can improve the efficiency and scientific nature of exploration and rescue work.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U491

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