基于顾前势两车道交通流换道行为研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 15:22

本文选题：交通流　切入点：相互作用势　出处：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着城市发展的加快,交通堵塞已成为困扰人们出行的难题。在实际交通中,车辆的前行或减速往往会受到前方车辆的影响,且距离越近的车辆影响越大。因此在针对高速公路交通中的堵塞问题,本文先建立了一种基于单车道的线性加权的顾前势的交通流模型,并在单车道模型的基础上,进一步研究车辆在双车道中的变化规律。最后研究并讨论了在两车道中各类随机交通问题,本文的主要研究内容如下:(1)在单车道的元胞自动机模型的基础上,建立了基于线性加权顾前势的交通流模型。由于车辆的行驶因根据其所处环境而发生变化,因此元胞自动机模型中的慢化概率应该是一变化值。基于此,本文根据Arrhenius动力学模型的思想,引入线性加权函数对越靠近司机的车辆赋予更大权重值的相互作用势。通过区分顾前不同车辆的不同相互作用势,得到了车辆根据顾前势变化的动态慢化概率,这也更符合实际车辆的驾驶行为。通过模型仿真,得到了交通流基本图,对高密度区域的交通堵塞有很好的改善,同时也和实际交通检测数据结果保持了很好的一致。(2)将基于线性加权顾前相互作用势的模型扩展到两车道中。本文根据车辆所受的顾前相互作用势,改变车辆换道动机为根据车辆的相互作用势计算得到的通过概率,得到了全新的两车道换道模型。仿真结果表明,本模型在降低车道换道率的同时对整体交通流流量了有明显提升,并对交通堵塞情况有明显的缓解。(3)进一步考虑顾前车辆的速度和距离因素对两车道交通流行为的影响。通过考虑顾前车辆的速度、距离对车辆换道行为的影响,提出了考虑顾前车辆距离和速度的相互作用势函数。最后建立了考虑顾前车辆的速度、距离因素的两车道交通流模型。结合实际交通数据的比较,仿真结果很好的反应了实际交通换道行为。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urban development, traffic jams have become a difficult problem for people to travel. In actual traffic, the advance or deceleration of vehicles is often affected by the vehicles in front of them. The closer the vehicle is, the greater the influence is. Therefore, in order to solve the traffic jam problem of expressway, this paper first establishes a linear weighted traffic flow model based on single lane, and based on the single lane model, Finally, we study and discuss all kinds of random traffic problems in two lanes. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1) on the basis of the cellular automata model of single lane, In this paper, a traffic flow model based on linear weighted front potential is established. Because the driving of a vehicle changes according to its environment, the probability of slowing down in the cellular automata model should be a variable value. According to the idea of Arrhenius dynamic model, this paper introduces the interaction potential of linear weighting function to the vehicle closer to the driver. The dynamic slowing probability of the vehicle according to the potential change is obtained, which is more in line with the driving behavior of the actual vehicle. Through the simulation of the model, the basic diagram of the traffic flow is obtained, which can improve the traffic jam in the high-density area. At the same time, the model based on linear weighted forward interaction potential is extended to two lanes, which is in good agreement with the actual traffic detection data. According to the vehicle interaction potential, a new two-lane change model is obtained by changing the vehicle change motive. The simulation results show that, This model can significantly improve the overall traffic flow at the same time as reducing the lane change rate. The influence of vehicle speed and distance on two-lane traffic prevalence is further considered. By considering the speed and distance of the vehicle in front of the vehicle, the influence of distance on the vehicle changing behavior is considered. A potential function of interaction between vehicle distance and velocity is proposed. Finally, a two-lane traffic flow model considering the factors of vehicle speed and distance is established. The simulation results well reflect the actual traffic change behavior.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U491

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