斜线掏槽技术在隧道掘进中的应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-12 19:35

  本文选题：隧道开挖 + 爆破机理　； 参考：《武汉理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：论文以湖北恩来恩黔高速公路花果山隧道爆破开挖为依托,采用理论分析、数值模拟和现场试验等研究方法,确定了隧道斜线掏槽起爆方法技术的可靠性和实用性。同时,确定了隧道掘进Ⅳ级围岩最佳起爆方法为大斜线掏槽技术,但是对于Ⅱ,Ⅲ级围岩,由于抵抗线较大,岩石比较坚硬,为了消除根底岩石间的“夹制”作用,需要在中间再加4~6个短炮眼,即大斜线加小斜线掏槽技术。在此基础上,又对掏槽孔的角度进行分析研究,确定了掏槽孔的最佳倾角为70°。最后,将数值模拟结果反馈于实际工程,得出了隧道爆破施工最佳的起爆技术,主要内容如下:(1)论文首先阐述了掏槽技术在目前隧道掘进的研究现状及其存在的问题,表明使用合适的掏槽技术可以有效的提高炸药利用率及爆破能量,可以获得较好的掏槽效果,随之引出本文的主题“斜线掏槽技术在隧道掘进中的应用研究”,阐述本文的研究目的和意义。(2)通过对岩石爆破性分级、岩石爆破机理、岩石爆破内部和外部作用、斜线掏槽技术机理、掏槽参数等的详细阐述,为论文的研究提供了理论依据。(3)采用数值模型,进行斜线掏槽技术的隧道开挖模拟。利用ANSYS14.5/LS-DYNA有限元软件建立数值模型,得出结论,不同级别的围岩掏槽方法不同,Ⅳ级围岩采用大斜线掏槽技术掏槽效果较好,而Ⅱ、Ⅲ级围岩在中间加4~6条小斜线即进尺较短的短炮孔效果较好。(4)建立掏槽孔角度不同的数值模型,掏槽孔角度倾角分别为60°,70°和80°,通过对比分析,确定出掏槽孔角度为70°时掏槽效果最好。(5)为验证数值模拟结果的准确性,将结论反馈于工程实际,实践证明利用三四章的结果爆破效果最优,这说明论文得出的数值模拟结果是可行的,总结的掏槽技术是高速公路隧道开挖经济而高效的方法。(6)基于理论分析、现场试验、数值模拟等研究方法,指出论文研究工作中存在的问题与困难,并将研究成果反馈于实际工程应用,最终综合形成了一套经济而实用的掏槽爆破技术,为爆破设计提供参考。
[Abstract]:Based on the blasting excavation of Huaguoshan Tunnel on the Enlai and Qian Expressway in Hubei Province, the reliability and practicability of the tunnel cutting initiation technique are determined by theoretical analysis, numerical simulation and field test.At the same time, it is determined that the best initiation method for the fourth grade surrounding rock is the large inclined cutting technique, but for the second and third grade surrounding rock, because of the large resistance line and the hard rock, in order to eliminate the "clamping" effect between the underlying rocks,It is necessary to add 4 ~ 6 short holes in the middle, that is, big slant plus small slant cutting technology.On this basis, the angle of cutting hole is analyzed and studied, and the optimum inclination angle of cutting hole is determined to be 70 掳.Finally, the numerical simulation results are fed back to the actual project, and the best blasting technology in tunnel blasting construction is obtained. The main contents are as follows: firstly, the paper expounds the current research situation and existing problems of cutting technology in tunnel excavation.It is shown that the use of appropriate cutting technology can effectively improve the utilization ratio of explosives and blasting energy, and better cutting effect can be obtained, which leads to the theme of this paper: "the application of sloping cutting technology in tunnel excavation".The purpose and significance of this paper are described in detail, such as the classification of rock blasting, the mechanism of rock blasting, the internal and external effects of rock blasting, the technical mechanism of sloping cutting, the cutting parameters, etc.This paper provides a theoretical basis for the research of this paper. The numerical model is used to simulate the tunnel excavation with sloping cutting technology.The numerical model is established by using ANSYS14.5/LS-DYNA finite element software. It is concluded that the cutting methods of surrounding rock of different grade are different, and the cutting effect of cutting technology with large sloping line is better in grade 鈪，

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