地铁隧道钻孔设备的结构分析及液压系统
发布时间：2019-05-06 07:15
【摘要】：针对传统地铁隧道汇流排安装施工中定位立柱锚螺栓孔钻孔作业施工环境差、施工质量难以保障、施工效率低以及现有隧道钻孔设备自动化和智能化程度低的特点,设计并研究了一种新型的地铁隧道钻孔设备的机械工作机构和电液控制系统。设备安装在作业平车上,通过机电液一体化的控制系统控制机械工作机构完成钻具定位和钻孔的工作。钻孔时首先通过安装在钻孔设备工作机构上的光学和位置传感器(如CCD智能相机)获取钻孔定位点的图像信息,再经计算机处理分析后获得定位点相对于设备既定原点(导柱架顶尖)的三维坐标,然后计算机将该坐标信息转化为控制信号传给机械控制模块,控制模块通过电液伺服控制系统实现对液压缸位置和速度的精确和迅速控制,使钻机到达预定钻孔位置,微小调整后,再控制钻机进行钻孔。为防止自动控制系统在工作中失效或失误,设计了人工辅助的手动控制系统控制钻孔设备工作。工作时通过人眼和大脑获取和处理钻孔定位点的信息,并通过控制手柄控制机械系统工作,使钻具到达钻孔目标点。对于手动控制模块,为了解决控制手柄和机械系统之间繁琐的布线工作和方便人为操作,设计了远距离无线控制系统,利用无线的方式控制机械系统运动。无线控制系统既利用两个对讲机传输DTMF编码,信号经开发板解析后用来控制相应的物理开关,达到远距离控制开关量的目的。钻孔设备工作机构主要包括Z向升降立柱运动机构、水平旋转机构、左右倾角调节机构以及XY向运动平台。由于一组孔的数量一般为2-4个,采用将多个钻具安装在一个导柱架上一次性钻一组孔。钻机采用水钻,将钻孔后的粉尘和残渣经排污管道排除,以改善施工环境。通过Solid-works软件设计设计建立了钻孔设备的三维模型,然后通过ANSYS Workbench软件对其主体结构作了强度分析,根据分析结果进行了一系列的优化,使所设计的设备结构满足强度要求。基于隧道内钻孔环境和工作的要求,采用液压传动和控制方式,使钻孔设备结构紧凑小巧、调速方便。通过机电液系统参数的合理匹配与设计,开发出了具有较高定位精度和较强稳定性以及自动化程度较高的钻孔设备。
[Abstract]:In view of the poor construction environment, difficult to guarantee construction quality, low construction efficiency and low automation and intelligentization of existing tunnel drilling equipment, the traditional subway tunnel diversion bar installation is characterized by poor construction environment, difficulty in ensuring construction quality and low automation and intelligentization of existing tunnel drilling equipment. The mechanical working mechanism and electro-hydraulic control system of a new type of drilling equipment for subway tunnel are designed and studied. The equipment is installed on the working vehicle, and the mechanical working mechanism is controlled by the electromechanical-hydraulic control system to complete the drilling tool positioning and drilling. When drilling a hole, it first acquires image information about the location of the hole through an optical and position sensor (such as a CCD smart camera) that is installed on the working mechanism of the drilling device. After the computer processing and analysis, the three-dimensional coordinate of the anchor point relative to the fixed origin of the equipment (the top of the guide column) is obtained. Then the computer converts the coordinate information into the control signal and transmits it to the mechanical control module. The control module realizes accurate and rapid control of the position and speed of the hydraulic cylinder through electro-hydraulic servo control system, which enables the drill to reach the predetermined drilling position. After minor adjustment, the drilling rig is controlled to drill. In order to prevent the failure or error of the automatic control system, a manual control system was designed to control the drilling equipment. Through human eyes and brain to obtain and process drilling location information, and through the control handle to control the mechanical system work, so that the drill tool to reach the drilling target point. For the manual control module, in order to solve the tedious wiring work between the control handle and the mechanical system and to facilitate man-made operation, a long-distance wireless control system is designed to control the movement of the mechanical system in a wireless manner. The wireless control system uses two intercom to transmit the DTMF code and the signal is analyzed by the development board to control the corresponding physical switch to achieve the purpose of long-distance control of the switch quantity. The working mechanism of drilling equipment mainly includes Z-lift column movement mechanism, horizontal rotation mechanism, left-right angle adjustment mechanism and XY-oriented motion platform. Since the number of holes in a group is usually 2 to 4, a group of holes is drilled by installing multiple drilling tools on a guide frame. The drilling rig adopts water drill to remove the dust and residue after drilling through the sewerage pipe to improve the construction environment. The three-dimensional model of drilling equipment is established by Solid-works software design. Then the main structure of drilling equipment is analyzed by ANSYS Workbench software and a series of optimizations are carried out according to the analysis results so as to make the designed equipment structure meet the strength requirements. Based on the requirements of drilling environment and work in tunnel, hydraulic transmission and control mode are adopted to make the drilling equipment compact and convenient for speed regulation. Through the reasonable matching and design of the mechanical and electro-hydraulic system parameters, the drilling equipment with high positioning accuracy, strong stability and high degree of automation has been developed.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U231.3;U455.3
本文编号：2469983
[Abstract]:In view of the poor construction environment, difficult to guarantee construction quality, low construction efficiency and low automation and intelligentization of existing tunnel drilling equipment, the traditional subway tunnel diversion bar installation is characterized by poor construction environment, difficulty in ensuring construction quality and low automation and intelligentization of existing tunnel drilling equipment. The mechanical working mechanism and electro-hydraulic control system of a new type of drilling equipment for subway tunnel are designed and studied. The equipment is installed on the working vehicle, and the mechanical working mechanism is controlled by the electromechanical-hydraulic control system to complete the drilling tool positioning and drilling. When drilling a hole, it first acquires image information about the location of the hole through an optical and position sensor (such as a CCD smart camera) that is installed on the working mechanism of the drilling device. After the computer processing and analysis, the three-dimensional coordinate of the anchor point relative to the fixed origin of the equipment (the top of the guide column) is obtained. Then the computer converts the coordinate information into the control signal and transmits it to the mechanical control module. The control module realizes accurate and rapid control of the position and speed of the hydraulic cylinder through electro-hydraulic servo control system, which enables the drill to reach the predetermined drilling position. After minor adjustment, the drilling rig is controlled to drill. In order to prevent the failure or error of the automatic control system, a manual control system was designed to control the drilling equipment. Through human eyes and brain to obtain and process drilling location information, and through the control handle to control the mechanical system work, so that the drill tool to reach the drilling target point. For the manual control module, in order to solve the tedious wiring work between the control handle and the mechanical system and to facilitate man-made operation, a long-distance wireless control system is designed to control the movement of the mechanical system in a wireless manner. The wireless control system uses two intercom to transmit the DTMF code and the signal is analyzed by the development board to control the corresponding physical switch to achieve the purpose of long-distance control of the switch quantity. The working mechanism of drilling equipment mainly includes Z-lift column movement mechanism, horizontal rotation mechanism, left-right angle adjustment mechanism and XY-oriented motion platform. Since the number of holes in a group is usually 2 to 4, a group of holes is drilled by installing multiple drilling tools on a guide frame. The drilling rig adopts water drill to remove the dust and residue after drilling through the sewerage pipe to improve the construction environment. The three-dimensional model of drilling equipment is established by Solid-works software design. Then the main structure of drilling equipment is analyzed by ANSYS Workbench software and a series of optimizations are carried out according to the analysis results so as to make the designed equipment structure meet the strength requirements. Based on the requirements of drilling environment and work in tunnel, hydraulic transmission and control mode are adopted to make the drilling equipment compact and convenient for speed regulation. Through the reasonable matching and design of the mechanical and electro-hydraulic system parameters, the drilling equipment with high positioning accuracy, strong stability and high degree of automation has been developed.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：U231.3;U455.3
【引证文献】
中国硕士学位论文全文数据库 前1条
1 李茂;地铁隧道壁面钻孔设备研发[D];西南交通大学;2016年
，本文编号：2469983
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