基于GIS的城市地下管线空间布局安全性评价

发布时间：2018-03-15 11:34

本文选题：地理信息系统(GIS)　切入点：地下管线　出处：《西南石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国城市化建设进程的加速和城市范围的不断扩张,地下管线作为城市重要的配套基础设施,其建设发展也非常迅速,各类地下管网纵横交错,贯穿于城市的每个角落。但随着地下管线建设数量的增加,城市地下管线安全事故也越来越多。城市地下管线安全隐患已经成为我国城市发展的重大威胁,从近年来发生的多起典型地下管线事故来看,对于地下管线这样一个纵横交错、分布范围广、公共性强、易损性高、各类管线高度关联的系统,地下管线空间布局存在的问题是城市地下管线安全隐患的重要来源之一。地下管线空间布局安全性与城市的安全密切相关,一方面,城市的发展必将推动城市配套基础设施的建设,地下管线的规模随之扩大,管线空间布局也将不断变化;另一方面,地下管线的建设发展将对城市扩张带来影响,此后的城市建设和地下空间资源开发必然受已有地下管线空间布局的约束。因此,地下管线空间布局安全性的研究,可为规划部门提供科学、量化、空间化的地下管线空间布局安全隐患信息;为城市地下管网规划、建设、运营、维护,地下综合管廊建设等提供科学依据;对保障人民生命财产安全和城市可持续发展具有重要的科学意义和实际价值。本研究依据地下管线空间布局特点和布局原则,确定对地下管线安全有较高影响的评价指标,并进一步利用层次分析法确定各评价指标的权重,确立了地下管线空间布局安全性评价体系,构建了地下管线空间布局安全性单指标评价模型与综合评价模型,建立了安全性分析技术流程,最终实现了基于GIS的城市地下管线空间布局安全性评价。最后,结合工程实例,实现了 W城市某区域的地下管线空间布局安全性分析,取得了良好的评价效果,验证了本研究评价理论、方法的可靠性。论文主要包括以下几个部分:(1)调研国内外关于管道安全性评价相关的文献、资料。分析现阶段已取得的研究成果以及发展方向,发现现有研究的不完善,提出本文基于GIS的城市地下管线空间布局安全性的研究理论及研究方法。(2)在充分掌握地下管线空间布局特点的基础上,依据地下管线空间布局的原则和要求,结合现有资料,提出地下管线占压、净距、敷设顺序、埋设深度等4个评价指标,运用层次分析法确定各指标对空间布局安全性影响程度的权重。(3)根据各指标的不同,基于GIS分析方法,分别构建相应的分析模型以及探索相应分析的实现流程。在单指标分析模型的基础上,构建多指标综合评价模型。(4)利用本研究提出的基于GIS的地下管线空间布局安全性评价方法,结合W市地下管线具体情况,实现对该市某区域地下管线占压、净距、顺序、埋深等隐患以及空间布局安全性总体情况分析,将分析结果输出并可视化表达,分析结果提交相应城市规划部门,经核实符合研究区建设发展实际情况。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous expansion of urban scope, underground pipelines, as an important supporting infrastructure of the city, are also developing very rapidly, and all kinds of underground pipe networks are crisscrossed. It runs through every corner of the city. However, with the increase of the number of underground pipeline construction, there are more and more underground pipeline safety accidents. The hidden danger of urban underground pipeline safety has become a major threat to urban development in China. In view of the many typical underground pipeline accidents in recent years, for the underground pipeline such a system with crisscross, wide distribution, strong publicity, high vulnerability and high correlation of all kinds of pipelines, The problems existing in the spatial layout of underground pipelines are one of the important sources of hidden dangers of urban underground pipeline safety. The safety of underground pipeline spatial layout is closely related to the safety of the city, on the one hand, The development of the city will promote the construction of the supporting infrastructure of the city, the scale of the underground pipeline will expand with it, and the spatial layout of the pipeline will change constantly. On the other hand, the construction and development of the underground pipeline will have an impact on the expansion of the city. Since then, urban construction and exploitation of underground space resources are bound to be restricted by the spatial layout of existing underground pipelines. Therefore, the research on the safety of underground pipeline spatial layout can provide scientific and quantitative information for planning departments. The spatial distribution of underground pipelines provides scientific basis for the planning, construction, operation, maintenance and construction of underground pipelines. It is of great scientific significance and practical value to ensure the safety of people's life and property and the sustainable development of the city. According to the spatial layout characteristics and layout principles of underground pipelines, this study determines the evaluation indexes that have a higher impact on the safety of underground pipelines. Furthermore, the weight of each evaluation index is determined by analytic hierarchy process (AHP), the safety evaluation system of underground pipeline spatial layout is established, and the single index evaluation model and comprehensive evaluation model of underground pipeline spatial layout safety are constructed. Finally, the safety evaluation of urban underground pipeline spatial layout based on GIS is realized. Finally, the security analysis of underground pipeline spatial layout in a certain area of W city is realized by combining with an engineering example. Good evaluation results have been obtained, and the reliability of the evaluation theory and method has been verified. The paper mainly includes the following parts: 1) the literature on pipeline safety evaluation is investigated at home and abroad. Data. Analysis of the current research achievements and development direction, found that the existing research is not perfect, This paper puts forward the research theory and research method of urban underground pipeline spatial layout security based on GIS. On the basis of fully mastering the characteristics of underground pipeline spatial layout, according to the principles and requirements of underground pipeline spatial layout, combined with the existing data. The paper puts forward four evaluation indexes of underground pipeline, such as occupation pressure, net distance, laying sequence and laying depth, and uses AHP to determine the weight of each index to the safety degree of spatial layout. (3) according to the difference of each index, it is based on GIS analysis method. Build the corresponding analysis model and explore the corresponding analysis process. On the basis of the single index analysis model, Constructing multi-index comprehensive evaluation model. (4) using the safety evaluation method of underground pipeline layout based on GIS proposed in this study, combining with the concrete situation of underground pipeline in W city, the paper realizes the proportion of pressure, net distance and sequence of underground pipeline in a certain area of this city. The hidden danger of buried depth and the general situation of spatial layout security are analyzed. The analysis results are output and visualized, and the results are submitted to the corresponding urban planning departments, which are in accordance with the actual situation of the construction and development of the study area.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU990.3;P208

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