通用型潮流能发电装置远程监控系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-04-20 15:31

本文选题：潮流能发电 + 远程监控系统　；参考：《东北师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：利用潮流能发电技术解决偏远海岛的能源供应和海洋水下监测仪器供电问题意义重大。潮流能作为一种清洁能源,不会对环境造成污染与破坏,并具有储量大、发电规律可预测等优点,近年来潮流能的开发利用已成为可再生能源研究的热点。潮流能发电装置大多独立运行,离散分布在无人值守区域,对保证设备高效运行和及时维护带来不便。为保证潮流能发电装置稳定、可靠的运行需配备实时或准实时监控系统。当前针对潮流能发电技术的研究呈现多样化发展,各种新型潮流能发电装置层出不穷,但与之配套的远程监控系统则在数据采集的精准度、通信链路的传输速度及数据存储的可靠性等方面都存在严重不足。目前监控系统基本上是由潮流能发电装置的研制单位自行设计,其前端数据采集使用霍尔元件与AD电路相结合的方式,数据采集电路的通用性没有保证;数据远程通信链路采用蓝牙与无线电台的方式,在数据传输过程中容易产生丢数现象,并且传输距离十分有限;监控数据采用文本格式或者Excel表格进行存储数据会造成数据查询、分析和管理的不便,一旦文件损坏,甚至会造成数据永久性丢失。针对这种情况,本文设计了一种通用的潮流能发电装置远程实时监控系统,主要完成了如下研究工作:1.远程监控系统前端数据采集模块,采用多功能电力仪表进行参数测量,这些智能电力仪表经过国家有关计量部门校准,其输出结果的标准性和权威性有保障。前端处理机与各个电力仪表之间通过RS-485连接,使用MODBUS-RTU协议读取上述仪表的参数完成数据采集。最后将数据采集电路进行集成化和模块化处理,以便其他潮流能发电装置直接使用。2.针对监测数据传输过程中存在的数据丢失和速率偏慢等问题,设计了两种无线数据传输方案,其一是基于ARM开发板与3G路由器组成的无线数据传输模块,其二是以SIM300模块为基础部件,设计完成的无线数据传输模块,最后通过比较两种方案的优缺点,确定选择第一种方案作为本套监控系统的首选方案,另一种方式作为备用。3.提出使用数据库服务器存储监测数据,解决数据存储的可靠性和长久保存问题,并使用LabVIEW设计了潮流能发电装置实时监控程序,通过开放数据库连接(Open Database Connectivity,ODBC)访问潮流能发电装置的实时工作状态,显示直观方便。该远程监控系统实际应用于本课题组研制的15KW自变距潮流能发电装置以及5KW模块化潮流能发电装置上并始终稳定工作,证明了该系统在实用性、稳定性、可靠性等方面达到了实际应用要求,对国内外其他潮流能装置的远程监控系统设计有借鉴和参考价值。
[Abstract]:It is of great significance to use tidal power generation technology to solve the problems of energy supply in remote islands and the power supply of underwater monitoring instruments. As a kind of clean energy, tidal energy can not cause pollution and damage to the environment, and has the advantages of large reserves and predictable rules of power generation. In recent years, the development and utilization of tidal energy has become a hot topic in the research of renewable energy. Most of the power generation devices operate independently and are distributed in unattended areas. It is inconvenient to ensure the efficient operation and timely maintenance of the equipment. In order to ensure the stability of power generation equipment, reliable operation needs to be equipped with real-time or quasi-real-time monitoring system. At present, the research on power flow power generation technology is diversified, and a variety of new power generation devices are emerging in endlessly, but the corresponding remote monitoring system is in the accuracy of data acquisition. The transmission speed of communication link and the reliability of data storage are seriously deficient. At present, the monitoring system is basically designed by the research and development unit of the power flow power generation device. The front end data acquisition uses the combination of Hall element and AD circuit, and the generality of the data acquisition circuit is not guaranteed. Bluetooth and radio are adopted in data remote communication link. It is easy to lose number in the process of data transmission, and the transmission distance is very limited. Monitoring data using text format or Excel table to store data will cause inconvenience of data query, analysis and management. Once the file is damaged, it will even cause permanent loss of data. In view of this situation, this paper designs a universal remote real-time monitoring and control system for power flow power generation device, and mainly completes the following research work: 1. The front-end data acquisition module of remote monitoring and control system adopts multi-function electric power instruments to measure parameters. These intelligent power instruments are calibrated by relevant national metering departments and the output results are guaranteed to be standard and authoritative. The front-end processor is connected with each power instrument by RS-485, and the parameters of the instrument are read by MODBUS-RTU protocol to complete the data acquisition. Finally, the data acquisition circuit is integrated and modularized, so that other power generation devices can be directly used. 2. 2. Aiming at the problems of data loss and slow data rate in the process of monitoring data transmission, two wireless data transmission schemes are designed. One is the wireless data transmission module based on ARM development board and 3G router. The other is the design of wireless data transmission module based on SIM300 module. Finally, by comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the two schemes, we choose the first scheme as the preferred scheme of the monitoring system, and the other as the backup. 3. This paper proposes to use database server to store monitoring data, to solve the problem of reliability and long-term storage of data storage, and to design a real-time monitoring program of power flow power generation device by using LabVIEW. Through open database connection, Open Database Connectivity C (ODBC) is used to access the real-time working state of power flow power generation device, and the display is intuitionistic and convenient. The remote monitoring system has been applied to the 15KW self-variable distance power flow power generation device and the 5KW modular power flow power generation device developed by our research group and has always worked stably, which proves that the system is practical and stable. Reliability and other aspects meet the practical application requirements, which has reference and reference value for the design of remote monitoring system of other power flow devices at home and abroad.
【学位授予单位】：东北师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P743;TP277

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