土壤环境中西兰花对金属纳米颗粒物敏感性研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 11:14

本文选题：TiO2和CeO2NPs + 西兰花　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：本论文采用具有抗氧化性的蔬菜作物西兰花作为受试高等植物,探索Ti O2和Ce O2NPs进入土壤环境后对其栽种蔬菜作物-西兰花所造成早期观察指标变化(生物效应标志物)和芥子油苷含量变化,以及根际土壤环境p H值、总氮、总碳和氨氮浓度及根际土壤环境微生物群落结构的变化。论文研究主要结果:(1)西兰花生长初期的影响:Ti O2和Ce O2NPs对西兰花种子发芽率没有产生显著的影响,却会延缓种子的萌发。西兰花幼苗对不同浓度的Ti O2和Ce O2NPs的吸收程度不同。200 mg/L的Ti O2NPs的Ti吸收最多,浓度升高时西兰花幼苗的吸收程度降低。随着Ce O2NPs浓度的增加,西兰花幼苗对Ce的浓度也会升高。通过透射电镜(TEM)观察和X射线能谱仪(EDS)分析,发现Ti O2和Ce O2NPs都会进入西兰花幼苗根部。(2)西兰花根系分泌物的影响:不同浓度Ti O2和Ce O2NPs暴露不同时间下,西兰花幼苗根系分泌物的可溶性糖浓度和有机物的种类和数量的变化结果不尽相同。(3)西兰花根际土壤环境理化性质的影响:Ti O2和Ce O2NPs暴露相同浓度土壤的p H值会随着纳米颗粒暴露时间的延长p H值升高。同一时间的Ti O2和Ce O2NPs暴露相同浓度p H值变化不同。Ti O2和Ce O2NPs暴露下对土壤总碳浓度有一定的影响,随暴露时间的延长土壤总碳浓度有所升高。Ti O2和Ce O2NPs暴露浓度不同,暴露时间增加土壤总氮浓度先降低后升高。暴露60天后,500 mg/LTi O2和Ce O2NPs暴露下较暴露40天后升高了57.89%和4.19%。浓度不同Ti O2和Ce O2NPs暴露下,土壤环境氨氮浓度随暴露时间的延长逐渐降低。(4)西兰花土壤环境微生物群落的影响:Ti O2和Ce O2NPs同一暴露浓度条件下,暴露时间延长会增加土壤细菌和真菌的数量。利用二代测序技术,分析Ti O2和Ce O2NPs暴露下是否会对根际土壤微生物群落结构产生变化。测序结果表明,Ti O2和Ce O2NPs暴露后根际土壤的ACE和Chao1指数明显增加,根际土壤的多样性指数也有所增加,说明Ti O2和Ce O2NPs暴露下增加了土壤的细菌群落丰富度和多样性。根据根际土壤微生物群落结构分析可以看出,根际土壤微生物群落结构会因为Ti O2和Ce O2NPs的暴露而产生变化。(5)利用高效液相色谱在Ti O2和Ce O2NPs暴露后的西兰花幼苗叶片中共检测出3种芥子油苷,分别是4-甲硫丁基芥子油苷(4MTB)、吲哚-3甲基芥子油苷(I3M)和4-甲氧基-吲哚-3-甲基芥子油苷(4MTI3M),对照组中仅检测到了4MTB。研究发现Ti O2NPs暴露不同浓度会导致西兰花幼苗叶片中芥子油苷的浓度变化不同。Ti O2NPs的暴露浓度为500 mg/L,西兰花幼苗叶片中总芥子油苷的浓度响应最为强烈,较对照组上升了约172.13%。西兰花叶片芥子油苷浓度随Ce O2NPs暴露浓度增加先降低后升高,暴露浓度20 mg/L时,西兰花幼苗叶片中芥子油苷浓度较对照组上升了98.09%。
[Abstract]:In this paper, broccoli, a vegetable crop with antioxidant activity, was used as higher plant. To explore the changes of early observation indexes (biomarkers) and the contents of mustard oil glucoside, pH value and total nitrogen in rhizosphere soil after TIO _ 2 and ce O2NPs entering the soil environment. Changes of total carbon and ammonia concentration and microbial community structure in rhizosphere soil. The main results of this study were as follows: (1) the effect of the initial growth stage of broccoli was not significantly affected by the effect of w TIO 2 and ce O2NPs on the germination rate of broccoli seeds, but delayed the germination of broccoli seeds. The absorption of Ti from broccoli seedlings with different concentrations of TIO _ 2 and ce _ (O2NPs) was the highest, and the absorption degree of broccoli seedlings decreased with the increase of concentration of Ti _ (2) O _ (2) and ce _ (2) O _ (2) O2NPs. With the increase of ce O2NPs concentration, the concentration of ce in broccoli seedlings also increased. The effects of TIO _ 2 and ce O2NPs on the root exudates of broccoli seedlings were observed by TEM (TEM) and X-ray energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS). The effects of TIO _ 2 and ce O2NPs on the root exudates of broccoli seedlings were observed: TIO _ 2 and ce O2NPs were exposed to different concentrations of TIO _ 2 and ce O2NPs for different time. Effects of soil Physicochemical Properties of broccoli Root exudates on the concentration of soluble Sugar and the species and quantity of Organic compounds in Root exudates of broccoli seedlings; effects of the physical and chemical properties of rhizosphere soil on the pH value of soil exposed to the same concentration of O2NPs: TIO _ 2 and ce _ e The pH value increases with the increase of the exposure time of nanoparticles. The change of pH value of TIO _ 2 and ce O2NPs exposure at the same time had a certain effect on soil total carbon concentration under different exposure to 路TIO _ 2 and ce O2NPs. The total carbon concentration of soil increased with the increase of exposure time. The exposure concentration of TIO _ 2 and ce O2NPs was different. When exposure time increased, soil total nitrogen concentration decreased first and then increased. #number0# mg/LTi O2 and ce O2NPs increased 57.89% and 4.19% respectively after 60 days of exposure as compared with 40 days after exposure. Under different concentrations of TIO _ 2 and ce _ O2NPs, the concentration of ammonia and nitrogen in soil decreased gradually with the prolongation of exposure time.) the effect of microbial community on soil environment of broccoli was studied under the same exposure concentration of: TIO _ 2 and ce _ (O2NPs). Prolonged exposure increases the number of bacteria and fungi in the soil. The second generation sequencing technique was used to analyze whether the microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil could be changed under the exposure of TIO 2 and ce O2NPs. The results of sequencing showed that the ACE and Chao1 index of rhizosphere soil increased significantly after TIO 2 and ce O2NPs exposure, and the diversity index of rhizosphere soil increased, indicating that TIO 2 and ce O2NPs exposure increased the richness and diversity of soil bacterial community. According to the analysis of rhizosphere soil microbial community structure, we can see, The microbial community structure of rhizosphere soil changed due to the exposure of TIO 2 and ce O2NPs) three kinds of mustard oleosides were detected by HPLC in leaves of broccoli seedlings exposed to TIO 2 and ce O2NPs. The results were as follows: 4MTBG, I3M and 4MTI3M, respectively. Only 4MTB was detected in the control group. It was found that different concentrations of Ti O2NPs resulted in different concentrations of mustard oil in the leaves of broccoli seedlings. The exposure concentration of Ti O2NPs was 500mg / L, and the concentration response of total mustard oil in leaves of broccoli seedlings was the strongest, which was about 172.13g / L higher than that of the control group. The concentration of mustard oil in the leaves of broccoli decreased first and then increased with the increase of ce O2NPs exposure concentration. At the exposure concentration of 20 mg/L, the concentration of mustard oil in the leaves of broccoli seedlings increased 98.09% compared with the control group.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X173

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