常温与低温好氧颗粒污泥培养及性能研究

发布时间：2018-05-12 10:11

本文选题：好氧颗粒污泥 + 常温与低温　；参考：《哈尔滨工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：与传统絮状活性污泥相比,好氧颗粒污泥凭借微生物含量高、种群丰富、污泥密度大、沉降性能优越以及不易发生污泥膨胀等优势成为当前污水处理领域的研究热点。然而目前关于好氧颗粒污泥技术的研究主要在常温下利用人工配水模拟废水进行,而在生活污水应用领域以及低温下的研究较少。基于此,本研究通过在常温和低温两种条件下,以生活污水为研究对象,进行好氧颗粒污泥的培养,并探究了常温和低温下污泥EPS特性及其除污性能。采用生活污水外加碳源,以厌氧-好氧交替方式运行SBR反应器在常温(R2)和低温(R3)下均可以成功培养出好氧颗粒污泥,常温和低温下污泥平均粒径分别达160μm和300μm左右;同时常温下接种人工配水培养的颗粒污泥(R1)经短期驯化也可以适应生活污水水质,经驯化的颗粒污泥平均粒径在375μm左右。成熟的颗粒污泥体系为颗粒与絮体的共存体,具有丰富的食物链结构,优势菌群为球菌和杆菌。好氧颗粒污泥微生物胞外聚合物分泌量较接种絮体污泥大,污泥的颗粒化与微生物胞外聚合物过量分泌有关;红外光谱分析发现,颗粒污泥与絮体污泥胞外聚合物中个别基团发生偏移,说明两种污泥胞外聚合物特性有差异;荧光光谱分析发现,颗粒污泥胞外聚合物中有类蛋白质、类富里酸和类腐殖酸等物质,且类蛋白质含量最高。好氧颗粒污泥对生活污水有较好的处理效果。R1出水COD、TN平均值分别为44.70mg/L、20.09mg/L,平均去除率为91.88%、66.31%;R2出水COD、TN分别为44.48mg/L、21.38mg/L,平均去除率为91.93%、64.20%;R3出水COD、TN分别为54.34mg/L、19.40mg/L,平均去除率为85.84%、67.63%;三个好氧颗粒污泥反应器出水磷酸盐浓度均在0.5mg/L以内,平均去除率在97%以上;出水N 4-N浓度均在2.0mg/L以内,平均去除率在99%以上;同时,常温与低温反应器对COD、氨氮、磷冲击均具有较强的耐受性。好氧颗粒污泥反应器在常温和低温条件下能实现SND作用脱氮,在厌氧-好氧-缺氧运行方式下反应器可进一步增强脱氮效果,常温和低温条件下脱氮效果分别可达76.5%、95.2%;低温条件下硝化速率较低,反应器可实现亚硝态氮的积累,最大积累率达80%。
[Abstract]:Compared with the traditional flocculating activated sludge aerobic granular sludge with the advantages of high microbial content rich population high sludge density superior settling performance and not easy to occur sludge bulking has become a hot spot in the field of wastewater treatment. However, the present research on aerobic granular sludge technology is mainly carried out at room temperature using artificial water distribution to simulate wastewater, but less in the field of domestic sewage application and at low temperature. Based on this, the aerobic granular sludge was cultured under two conditions of room temperature and low temperature, and the characteristics of sludge EPS and its decontamination performance were investigated at room temperature and low temperature. Aerobic granular sludge could be successfully cultured in the SBR reactor at room temperature (R2) and low temperature (R3) by using additional carbon source. The average diameter of sludge at room temperature and low temperature was about 160 渭 m and 300 渭 m, respectively. At the same time, the granulated sludge (R1) inoculated with artificial water at room temperature could also adapt to the domestic sewage quality after short-term acclimation, and the average diameter of the domesticated granular sludge was about 375 渭 m. The mature granular sludge system is a coexisting particle and floc with abundant food chain structure, and the dominant bacteria groups are cocci and bacilli. The amount of extracellular polymer secreted by aerobic granular sludge was larger than that of inoculated flocs, and the granulation of sludge was related to the excessive secretion of extracellular polymer by microorganism. The migration of individual groups in extracellular polymers between granular sludge and floc sludge indicates that the characteristics of extracellular polymers of two kinds of sludge are different, and fluorescence spectrum analysis shows that there are protein-like proteins in extracellular polymers of granular sludge. Fulvic acid and humic acid and other substances, and protein-like content is the highest. Aerobic granular sludge has a better treatment effect on domestic sewage. The average COD TN of R1 effluent is 44.70 mg / L 20.09 mg / L, the average removal rate is 91.88 mg / L 66.31R2 effluent CODTN is 44.48 mg / L / L ~ (21.38 mg / L), the average removal rate is 91.93333.20 ~ (20) N / L = 54.34 mg / L ~ (19.40 mg 路L ~ (-1), the average removal rate is 85.84 mg / L ~ (19.40 mg / L), respectively; The phosphate concentration in the effluent of granular sludge reactor was within 0.5mg/L. The average removal rate was over 97%, the concentration of N _ 4-N in effluent was within 2.0mg/L and the average removal rate was above 99%. At the same time, the reactor at room temperature and low temperature had strong tolerance to COD, NH _ 3-N and P shock. Aerobic granular sludge reactor can realize denitrification by SND at room temperature and low temperature, and further enhance denitrification effect under anaerobic aerobic anoxic operation mode. The denitrification effect at room temperature and low temperature was 76. 5% and 95. 2, respectively, and the nitrification rate was lower at low temperature. The maximum accumulation rate of nitrite nitrogen was 80% in the reactor.
【学位授予单位】：哈尔滨工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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