乳状液膜法处理含氰废水中铜的技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-16 04:26

本文选题：乳化液膜 + 含氰废水　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于氰基具有强络合能力,长期以来被广泛用于各个工业领域,因此,这些行业的生产中不可避免地产生大量的含氰废水。本研究采用乳状液膜萃取法对某黄金冶炼厂提金过程产生的含氰废水中氰化物及铜离子进行处理。通过对乳状液膜体系结构及分离原理的研究,采用Span-80作为表面活性剂、三正辛胺(TOA)作为载体、液体石蜡作为膜助剂、煤油作为膜溶剂、NaOH溶液为内水相,采用乳状液膜技术处理工业废水中的氰化物。研究表明:当表面活性剂Span-80的用量为3%,膜助剂液体石蜡用量为1%,乳状液膜内水相NaOH质量浓度选用2%,制乳转速为2300rpm,制乳时间选择15min时,制得的乳状液膜有较好的稳定性,静置一个小时乳状液膜破碎率在3%以下。这个结果为使用乳状液膜法去除含氰废水中的氰化提供了理论与技术基础。在此研究基础之上,本文进一步研究了用乳状液膜技术对含氰废水中铜进行萃取处理。研究表明:Span-80-煤油-TOA-液体石蜡乳化液膜体系同样适用于处理来自某黄金冶炼厂提金过程产生的含氰废水中铜的回收。考察了表面活性剂Span-80用量、膜助剂液体石蜡用量、载体TOA用量、内水相H2SO4溶液浓度、油内比、乳水比及外水相浓度等因素对含氰废水中铜萃取率的影响。实验结果表明:制乳时加入表面活性剂Span-80、膜助剂液体石蜡、载体TOA、膜溶剂煤油的体积百分比分别为5%、2%、4%、89%,使用浓度为1.5mol/L的H2SO4溶液作为内水相,按照油内比1:1制得乳状液,萃取时乳水比1:7,对于铜离子浓度范围从60mg/L到120mg/L的含氰废水,有较高的萃取率,都在90%以上。
[Abstract]:Because cyanide has strong complexing ability, it has been widely used in various industrial fields for a long time. Therefore, a large amount of cyanide-containing wastewater is inevitably produced in the production of these industries. In this study, cyanide and copper ions in cyanide wastewater from gold smelter were treated by emulsion liquid membrane extraction. The structure and separation principle of emulsion liquid membrane were studied. Span-80 was used as surfactant, trioctylamine was used as carrier, liquid paraffin as membrane assistant, kerosene as membrane solvent and NaOH solution as internal water phase. Cyanide in industrial wastewater was treated by emulsion liquid membrane technology. The results show that when the dosage of surfactant Span-80 is 3, the dosage of membrane assistant liquid paraffin is 1, the mass concentration of NaOH in aqueous phase is 2, the speed of milk preparation is 2300rpm, and the time of milk preparation is 15min, the emulsion liquid membrane has good stability. The breakage rate of emulsion film was less than 3%. The results provide a theoretical and technical basis for the removal of cyanide from cyanide wastewater by emulsion liquid membrane. On the basis of this study, the extraction treatment of copper in cyanide wastewater by emulsion liquid membrane technology was further studied. The results show that the solution of the 10% Span-80 kerosene TOA-liquid paraffin emulsion membrane system is also suitable for the recovery of copper from the cyanide wastewater from the gold extraction process of a gold smelter. The effects of the amount of surfactant Span-80, the amount of membrane assistant liquid paraffin, the amount of carrier TOA, the concentration of H2SO4 solution in internal water phase, the ratio of oil to oil, the ratio of emulsion to water and the concentration of external water phase on the extraction rate of copper in cyanide wastewater were investigated. The experimental results showed that the volume percentages of kerosene in the emulsion were 5% and 4%, respectively. The emulsion was prepared by using the H2SO4 solution with concentration of 1.5mol/L as the internal water phase, and the emulsion was prepared according to the oil / oil ratio of 1:1, according to the internal ratio of oil to oil, the volume percentages of kerosene in the emulsion were as follows: the surfactant Span-80, the liquid paraffin, the carrier, and the membrane solvent kerosene, respectively. When the ratio of milk to water is 1: 7, there is a high extraction rate of more than 90% for the cyanide containing wastewater from 60mg/L to 120mg/L in the concentration range of Cu ~ (2 +).
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：X703

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