超声脉冲改善微电铸镍铸层反光性能研究

发布时间：2018-01-25 01:46

本文关键词： 超声脉冲微电铸微棱镜镍铸层工艺参数反光性能显微硬度　出处：《集美大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：前些年,被人们大量使用的反光膜通常都是玻璃微珠型。然而近年来,随着科技的飞速发展,一种新型的微棱镜型反光膜由于具有更高的反光亮度以及更加低廉的制造成本,而被广泛运用于机场、停车场、码头、广告牌、摄影以及交通标志的制造等领域。微棱镜型反光膜的制作工艺包括单元阵列结构设计、母模的制作、母模的复型、基材的确定、热压印等工艺。母模的复型是通过微电铸工艺的芯模复制而实现,通过微电铸工艺技术,精确地复制出具备反光性能的凹型微棱镜镍铸层。因此,为了获得高反光性能的微棱镜型反光膜,严格控制整个微电铸工艺过程成了非常重要的一个环节。影响微电铸工艺过程的因素有很多,包括电源、电流密度、超声功率、超声频率、溶液温度、溶液的搅拌方式、极板间距、电铸液的组成成分、溶液p H值等。因此,研究不同工艺参数对微电铸过程的影响规律,对于获得高反光性能的微棱镜镍铸层是非常重要的。本文研究了以下几个主要方面的内容:(1)阐述微棱镜型反光膜的特点以及应用领域,研究了微棱镜型反光膜的反光原理及其制造工艺过程。对微电铸的基本原理和工艺特点进行了理论研究;并分别探讨了超声微电铸和脉冲微电铸的研究方向。(2)研究微电铸过程中的电化学基本原理。通过分析超声振动及脉冲电源对微电铸过程产生明显影响的机理,获得了超声直流微电铸、双向脉冲微电铸和超声脉冲组合微电铸的实验原理。搭建了实验平台,研究超声频率、超声功率、电流密度、脉冲占空比、极板间距等工艺参数对微电铸过程的影响规律。(3)制备实验材料和配制电铸液。在搭建的实验平台上,根据超声直流微电铸、双向脉冲微电铸以及超声脉冲组合微电铸的实验原理,分别以镍铸层的反光性能和显微硬度作为检测指标,进行了微电铸正交实验和单因素实验。(4)采用逆反射系数测量仪、场发射扫描电子显微镜、激光共聚焦扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪和硬度测量仪等检测仪器,测量了通过上述实验获得镍铸层的反光系数值、表面形貌和显微硬度值等铸层性能,并对实验结果进行了分析。综合分析微电铸的实验结果获得了以下结论:随着超声功率、电流密度、脉冲占空比和极板间距在本文实验范围内的不断增大,镍铸层的反光系数值都呈现出先增大后减小的趋势。当阴极脉冲电流密度8A/dm2;并分别施加以超声功率为210W、脉冲占空比为20%进行超声脉冲微电铸时,可以得到性能优良的镍铸层。
[Abstract]:In previous years, widely used reflective films are usually glass beads. However, in recent years, with the rapid development of technology. A new micro prism reflective film is widely used in airports, parking lots, wharves and billboards because of its higher reflective brightness and lower manufacturing cost. The fabrication process of micro prism reflective film includes the structure design of element array, the manufacture of master mould, the duplicate of master mold and the determination of substrate. The reproduction of the master mould is realized by the core mold replication of the micro-electroforming process, and the concave micro-prism nickel casting layer with reflective properties is accurately copied by the micro-electroforming technology. In order to obtain the micro prism reflective film with high reflectivity, it is very important to strictly control the whole process of microelectroforming. There are many factors that affect the process of microelectroforming, including power supply and current density. Ultrasonic power, ultrasonic frequency, solution temperature, stirring mode of solution, plate spacing, composition of electroforming solution, pH value of solution, etc. Therefore, the influence of different process parameters on microelectroforming process is studied. It is very important to obtain nickel casting layer of micro prism with high reflectivity. In this paper, the characteristics of micro prism reflective film and its application field are studied in the following aspects: 1. The reflective principle of micro prism reflective film and its manufacturing process are studied. The basic principle and technological characteristics of micro electroforming are studied theoretically. The research direction of ultrasonic microelectroforming and pulse microelectroforming is also discussed. The basic principle of electrochemistry in microelectroforming process was studied. The mechanism of ultrasonic vibration and pulse power supply on microelectroforming process was analyzed. The experimental principles of ultrasonic DC microelectroforming, bidirectional pulse microelectroforming and ultrasonic pulse combination microelectroforming were obtained. The experimental platform was built to study ultrasonic frequency, ultrasonic power, current density and pulse duty cycle. The effect of plate spacing and other technological parameters on the process of microelectroforming. (3) preparation of experimental materials and preparation of electroforming solution. On the experimental platform, according to ultrasonic DC microelectroforming. The experimental principle of bidirectional pulse microelectroforming and ultrasonic pulse combination microelectroforming is based on the reflective properties and microhardness of nickel casting layer. Microelectroforming orthogonal experiment and single factor experiment. 4) inverse reflection coefficient measuring instrument, field emission scanning electron microscope and laser confocal scanning electron microscope were used. X-ray diffractometer and hardness tester were used to measure the properties of the cast layer, such as the reflection coefficient, the surface morphology and the microhardness value. The experimental results of microelectroforming are analyzed. The following conclusions are obtained: with the increasing of ultrasonic power, current density, pulse duty cycle and plate spacing in this paper. The reflection coefficient of the nickel cast layer increases first and then decreases. When the current density of the cathode pulse is 8A / dm2; When ultrasonic power is 210 W, pulse duty cycle is 20%, and ultrasonic pulse microelectroforming is carried out, the nickel casting layer with good performance can be obtained.
【学位授予单位】：集美大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TQ153.4

【相似文献】