化工园区危险化学品储存风险管控模型研究

发布时间：2018-01-26 00:12

本文关键词： 化工园区危险化学品储存风险管控　出处：《首都经济贸易大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着工业技术及国民经济的快速发展,危险化学品的使用量也在不断增加,因此如何在工业快速发展的同时保证人民和财产的安全,成为影响社会发展和进步的重大问题。化工企业作为安全风险较大的单元,其安全问题长久以来一直被人们所关注。而化工园区,作为近二十年来新兴的化工行业发展模式,在整合工业资源、扩大生产规模、增加企业效益的同时,其安全问题也备受人们的重视。特别是在2015年天津港8·12特别重大火灾爆炸事故后,暴露出了化工园区危化品储存存在着突出的安全问题,做好预防化工园区安全生产事故的工作意义重大。在化工园区的诸多生产环节中,危险化学品的储存是一个重要环节,在众多化工企业的安全生产事故当中,危险化学品储存阶段的事故也是多发、频发。在2016年12月国务院办公厅印发的《危险化学品安全综合治理方案》和2017年3月交通运输部办公厅印发的《关于加强港口危险货物储罐安全管理的意见》中,都提到了要对化工园区的危险化学品储罐区进行安全源头防范、风险管控和作业管理,着力构建双重预防性工作机制,切实提升危险货物储罐的本质安全水平和安全保障能力,科学防范和有效遏制重特大事故。为此,本研究在充分分析现有条件下,重点对化工园区危险化学品储存风险管控进行研究。本研究在对国内外研究现状进行了总结分析后,从我国化工园区的实践模式开始着手研究,通过对化工园区内危险化学品的空间位移、储存要求、储存方式、存在问题等关键环节进行分析,得出了现阶段我国化工园区危化品储存过程当中存在的问题,针对这些问题研究了化工园区危险化学品储存的事故模式并找出导致事故发生的影响因素,提出了针对危化品仓库和危化品储罐的风险辨识模型。在对化工园区风险辨识的基础上,对园区危化品储存展开了基于个人风险和社会风险的定量及定性风险评价,针对评价结果,运用Bow-tie分析方法提出了37条关于危险化学品储存风险管控的具体措施,并用AHP方法进行了权重的计算及排序,建立了基于K均值聚类的方法的分层级的化工园区危险化学品储存风险管控模型。最后以嘉兴港区化工园区为实例对模型进行验证,得出结论。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of industrial technology and national economy, the use of hazardous chemicals is also increasing, so how to ensure the safety of people and property while the rapid development of industry. As a unit of high safety risk, the safety of chemical enterprises has been concerned by people for a long time. As a new developing mode of chemical industry in the past two decades, it not only integrates industrial resources, expands production scale, but also increases enterprise benefit. Especially in 2015 Tianjin Port 8 路12 special major fire and explosion accident, exposed the chemical park dangerous chemicals storage has outstanding safety problems. It is of great significance to prevent safe production accidents in chemical industry park. In many production links of chemical industry park, the storage of dangerous chemicals is an important link, among which many chemical enterprises are safe in production accidents. Accidents also occur at the storage stage of hazardous chemicals. Frequently issued by the general office of the state council on December 2016 and by the general office of the ministry of transport on March 2017 on strengthening the safety of dangerous goods storage tanks in ports. "Management advice." All mentioned to the chemical park to the dangerous chemicals storage tank area to carry on the safety source prevention, the risk control and the operation management, diligently constructs the dual preventive work mechanism. In order to effectively improve the essential safety level and safety guarantee capacity of dangerous goods storage tanks, scientific prevention and effective containment of serious and serious accidents. Therefore, this study under the full analysis of the existing conditions. The risk management of hazardous chemicals storage in chemical park is studied. After summarizing and analyzing the research status at home and abroad, the study begins with the practice mode of chemical industry park in China. Based on the analysis of the space displacement, storage requirements, storage methods, existing problems and other key links of hazardous chemicals in the chemical industry park, the problems existing in the process of dangerous chemicals storage in the chemical industry park of our country are obtained at the present stage. Aiming at these problems, the accident mode of hazardous chemical storage in chemical park was studied and the influencing factors were found out. The risk identification model for dangerous chemicals warehouse and dangerous chemicals storage tank is put forward based on the risk identification of chemical park. Quantitative and qualitative risk assessment based on personal risk and social risk is carried out for the storage of hazardous chemicals in the park. Using Bow-tie analysis method, 37 concrete measures about risk management of hazardous chemicals storage were put forward, and the weight was calculated and sorted by AHP method. The risk management model of hazardous chemicals storage in chemical park is established based on K-means clustering method. Finally, the model is verified by taking Jiaxing Port Chemical Park as an example, and the conclusion is drawn.
【学位授予单位】：首都经济贸易大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ086.52

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