车载自组网中基于竞争机制的地理位置路由协议

发布时间：2018-03-04 10:33

本文选题：VANET　切入点：路由协议　出处：《北京交通大学》2014年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：VANET作为智能交通领域中一个重要组成部,也是最具有发展潜力的一个研究方向。当前,VANET的主要研究方向集中在物理层的接入方式和网络层的路由协议两个领域。其中,大多数成熟的路由协议都是针对移动Ad hoc网络提出的,并不能完全适用于VANET网络。所以,提出适用于VANET网络的新型路由协议逐步成为VANET研究的热门方向。本文以VANET路由协议作为主要研究对象,针对其不同于移动Ad hoc的特点,提出了适用于VANET环境的基于竞争机制的地理位置路由协议RGRP(Rival Geographic Routing Protocol)。作者在阅读大量国内外相关文献后,通过对比现有的VANET路由协议,发现可以通过考虑节点的移动性或者地理位置两种方式来提出数据分组转发策略。但是,无论采取任何一种方式,都必然会产生片面性。因此,本文提出的RGRP路由协议同时考虑了节点移动性与地理位置两方面因素。然后,通过判定邻居节点的密度与方向差异性来确定节点自身的位置,进一步通过节点自身的位置来给定两种分组转发策略不同的权重值,从而实现协议的竞争机制。其中,在基于节点地理位置的分组转发策略中,作者提出了区域贪婪转发模式,从而解决了由贪婪转发而造成的局部最优困境,避免了使用边界转发而产生的通过构建平面图来描述网络拓扑结构的过程,大大减小了协议运算的复杂度。最后,本文利用网络仿真平台OPNET进行建模,分别在低负载城市场景、高负载城市场景以及不同速率城市场景三种情况下来验证RGRP路由协议在VANET场景中的性能。最终通过结果证明,RGRP较其它路由协议在数据分组到达率、路由开销以及时延等方面都有较大的提高。
[Abstract]:VANET as an important part of the intelligent transportation field, a research direction is the most potential for development. At present, the two main research direction of VANET in the physical layer access and network layer routing protocol. Among them, the most mature routing protocols are proposed for mobile Ad hoc network. It is not suitable for VANET network. Therefore, a new routing protocol is proposed for VANET network has gradually become a hot research direction of VANET. Based on the VANET routing protocol as the main research object, aiming at its characteristics different from the mobile Ad hoc, brings forward the competitive mechanism of geographic routing protocol based on RGRP for VANET environment (Rival Geographic Routing Protocol).
The author read a lot of literature at home and abroad, through the comparison of the existing VANET routing protocol, can be found by considering the mobility of nodes or location in two ways to put forward the data packet forwarding strategy. However, whether to take any kind of way, will inevitably generate one sidedness. Therefore, RGRP routing protocol is proposed in this paper. At the same time to consider two aspects of node mobility and geographical factors. Then, to determine the node location by neighbor node density and direction judgment differences, further through their position to a given node two packet forwarding strategy weights of different values, so as to realize the mechanism of competition agreement. Among them, the location of nodes based on packet forwarding the strategy, the author puts forward the regional greedy forwarding mode, so as to solve the plight of local optimum caused by greedy forwarding, avoid the use of boundary The process of describing the network topology by building a plane graph, which is generated by forwarding, greatly reduces the complexity of the protocol operation.
Finally, this paper uses the network simulation platform OPNET modeling, respectively in low load and high load city scene, city scene, city scene down different rates of three kinds of verification of RGRP routing protocol in the VANET scenario. The results prove that the performance of RGRP, compared with other routing protocol in data packet arrival rate, routing overhead and delay etc. are greatly improved.

【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U495;TN929.5

【参考文献】