隧道穿越断裂带地震响应特性及抗震措施研究

发布时间：2018-04-16 02:32

本文选题：跨断层带隧道 + 隧道震害　；参考：《西南交通大学》2014年博士论文

【摘要】：众所周知,隧道围岩对地震波的传播具有明显的控制特性,衬砌结构在地震过程中与地层具有相同的震动特性-即对围岩具有追随性,所以隧道的地震响应受到围岩条件的影响。实践证明,围岩条件较好的地下工程结构(隧道、地下厂房等),具有较好的抗震性,隧道洞身震害多发于地层条件有变化较大且围岩质量较差部位。断层破碎带具有围岩质量差、应力集中明显、局部有明显空洞等特征,其过渡段呈现围岩由地质条件差过渡到较好或者由较好地质条件过渡到较差等工程地质特征,活动断裂带更是伴随着明显的蠕变等动态特征,是隧道震害的集中部位,所以在工程中研究断层破碎带的地震响应特性具重要的现实意义。论文依托铁道部重点科技项目：“高烈度地震区隧道结构抗震减震关键技术研究”等重点科研项目开展了隧道穿越断裂带地震响应特征及抗震技术的研究,主要通过资料整理、振动台模型试验及数值模拟等展开,其主要成果如下。1、穿越断层破碎带隧道既有震害资料整理分析与震害影响因素研究。通过对国内外主要大地震(如1995年兵库县南部大地震、1999年台湾集集地震和2008年汶川地震)中穿越断层带隧道震害结果整理的基础上,对隧道穿越断层破碎带的震害破坏类型等进行了分析和总结,提出了隧道穿断层破碎带震害的影响因素。2、通过振动台模型试验及数值计算得到隧道穿越断层破碎带地震响应特征实施了隧道穿越断层破碎带的大型振动台模型试验,主要通过改变地震动参数等,对地层和衬砌结构的地震响应特征与规律进行了系统研究。3、穿过断层破碎带隧道的抗震措施分析。结合振动台模型试验及数值计算对隧道设置相应抗震措施进行了分析研究,得出了断层带优化的抗震组合措施；以高黎贡山镇安断裂带为例,分析研究了不同隧道洞室形状条件下断层破碎带围岩及结构的地震动响应特征,同时从隧道扩挖和铰接等方面研究了隧道通过断裂带的结构措施,得出了隧道的扩挖量及铰接设置相关参数；通过分析计算得出了断层破碎带两侧抗减震设防措施的最优距离。论文结合我国高烈度地震区穿断层破碎带隧道中实际问题,利用资料整理、振动台模型试验及数值模拟等方法,揭示了穿断层破碎带段隧道的地震动力响应特性及相应的抗震措施；以上成果对于合理认识隧道穿越断层破碎带的地震响应特征具有重要意义,并对隧道实际工程设计和施工的抗震设防提供了宝贵的基础资料。
[Abstract]:As we all know, the tunnel surrounding rock has obvious control characteristics on the propagation of seismic wave, and the lining structure has the same vibration characteristics as the stratum during the earthquake process-that is, it has the following property to the surrounding rock.So the seismic response of tunnel is affected by surrounding rock condition.It is proved by practice that underground engineering structures with better surrounding rock conditions (such as tunnels, underground powerhouses, etc.) have good aseismic properties, and the earthquake damage of tunnel body is mostly in the parts where the formation conditions change greatly and the mass of surrounding rock is poor.The fault fracture zone is characterized by poor mass of surrounding rock, obvious stress concentration, obvious local cavity and so on. The transition section of fault fracture zone shows engineering geological characteristics such as the transition of surrounding rock from poor geological conditions to better or from better geological conditions to worse ones.The active fault zone is accompanied by obvious dynamic characteristics such as creep and is the concentrated site of tunnel earthquake damage. So it is of great practical significance to study the seismic response characteristics of fault fracture zone in engineering.Based on the key scientific and technological projects of the Ministry of Railways, such as "study on key techniques of Seismic and Seismic absorption of Tunnel structures in High intensity earthquake area" and other key scientific research projects, the research on seismic response characteristics and seismic techniques of tunnel crossing fault zone is carried out, mainly through data collation.The main results of shaking table model test and numerical simulation are as follows: 1. Analysis and analysis of existing seismic damage data and study on influencing factors of seismic damage in tunnel across fault broken zone.On the basis of sorting out the results of tunnel damage in major major earthquakes at home and abroad (such as the 1995 Hyogo earthquake in the south, the Jiji earthquake in Taiwan in 1999 and the Wenchuan earthquake in 2008),This paper analyzes and summarizes the types of earthquake damage of tunnel through fault broken zone.The influence factors of seismic damage of tunnel through fault broken zone are put forward. Through shaking table model test and numerical calculation, the seismic response characteristics of tunnel passing through fault broken zone are obtained, and the large-scale shaking table model test of tunnel crossing fault broken zone is carried out.The seismic response characteristics and laws of strata and lining structures are studied systematically by changing ground motion parameters and so on. The aseismic measures of tunnels passing through fault broken zone are analyzed.Combined with shaking table model test and numerical calculation, the corresponding anti-seismic measures of tunnel setting are analyzed and studied, and the optimized seismic combination measures of fault zone are obtained, taking the Zhenan fault zone of Gaoligongshan as an example,The characteristics of ground motion response of surrounding rock and structure of fault fracture zone under different tunnel cavern shape are analyzed and studied. At the same time, the structural measures of tunnel passing through fault zone are studied from the aspects of tunnel expansion and articulation, etc.The relevant parameters of tunnel expansion and joint setting are obtained, and the optimum distance of anti-seismic protection measures on both sides of fault fracture zone is obtained by analyzing and calculating.Combining with the practical problems in the tunnel in the high intensity earthquake area of China, the paper uses the methods of data collation, shaking table model test and numerical simulation, etc.The characteristics of seismic dynamic response and the corresponding seismic response of tunnel through fault broken zone are revealed, and the above results are of great significance for the rational understanding of seismic response characteristics of tunnel through fault broken zone.It also provides valuable basic data for seismic fortification of actual tunnel engineering design and construction.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U452.28

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