城市老年人出行行为及其影响机理研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 19:15

本文选题：城市老年人 + 出行行为　；参考：《昆明理工大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国60岁以上的老龄人口已经突破2亿,并将较长时期保持持续增长的态势。面对日益严峻的人口老龄化问题,现行的城市规划、交通设施设计和公交服务系统主要是针对通勤交通的需要,老年人群的出行需求并不能很好地得到满足；与此同时,庞大的老年人出行也给城市交通带来了新的、更大的压力,相关问题值得研究。基于以上认识,本文以城市老年人的出行为研究对象。对449位昆明城市老年人进行了一日出行行为问卷调查,以其中407份有效样本的统计数据为基础,对老年人出行特征做了较全面的分析；对不同属性老年人出行行为进行了对比分析；对老年人休闲及购物两类日常主要活动的出行进行了进一步分析研究和部分样本的深度访谈。本文还对107位昆明城市老年人进行了连续一周的出行行为日志调查,以此为基础从出行特征角度纵向分析老年人一周出行的总体特征；从微观视角出发,研究了样本一周出行率的时间分布规律。基于本研究室的T-GIS平台,实现了老年人出行时空路径的可视化,并分析其休闲及购物出行的时空间特征。本文以样本老年人个人及家庭属性为外生变量,以其出行目的、出行方式、出发时刻及出行强度等各类出行特征为内生变量,建立结构方程模型,分析了老年人出行行为影响因素及影响机理。通过以上研究,得到了城市老年人一日出行的各项出行特征及各类属性对其出行行为的影响,表明老年人出行时间分布及出行高峰期主要方向与通勤出行具有显著差异；得到了老年人一周七天各类出行特征的变化规律,表明出行率分布有较大差异。通过建模分析,揭示了个人及家庭属性对老年人日常出行的影响不直接、不显著,而对老年人出行行为有直接和显著影响的是活动的差异及其出行特征参数间的相互影响以及同一类出行各特征变量间的相互关联性上,这与已有的基于通勤交通的普遍认知有着较大差异。
[Abstract]:China's 60-year-old population has exceeded 200 million, and will maintain a sustained growth trend for a long time. In the face of the increasingly serious problem of aging population, the current urban planning, transportation facilities design and bus service system are mainly aimed at the needs of commuting transportation, and the travel needs of the elderly people are not well met; at the same time, Huge elderly travel also brings new and greater pressure to urban transportation, and related problems are worth studying. Based on the above understanding, this paper takes the urban elderly trip as the research object. In this paper, 449 senior citizens in Kunming city were investigated with a one-day travel behavior questionnaire. Based on 407 valid samples, the travel characteristics of the elderly were analyzed comprehensively. The travel behavior of the elderly with different attributes was compared, and the travel of the elderly leisure and shopping activities were further analyzed and some samples of in-depth interviews were conducted. In addition, 107 elderly people in Kunming have been investigated for one week's travel behavior log, which is based on the longitudinal analysis of the overall characteristics of the elderly's one-week trip from the perspective of travel characteristics, and from the micro perspective, The time distribution of sample one week travel rate is studied. Based on the T-GIS platform of our laboratory, the spatio-temporal path of the elderly travel is visualized, and the time-space characteristics of leisure and shopping travel are analyzed. In this paper, the individual and family attributes of the sample elderly are taken as exogenous variables, and various travel characteristics such as travel purpose, travel mode, departure time and travel intensity are taken as endogenous variables, and the structural equation model is established. The influencing factors and mechanism of travel behavior of the elderly were analyzed. Through the above research, we get the effects of travel characteristics and attributes on the travel behavior of the elderly, which shows that the distribution of travel time and the main direction of travel peak have significant differences with commuting. The changes of the travel characteristics of the elderly seven days a week are obtained, which indicates that the distribution of travel rate varies greatly. Through modeling and analysis, it is revealed that the impact of personal and family attributes on the daily travel of the elderly is not direct and significant. What has direct and significant influence on the travel behavior of the elderly is the difference of activities and the interaction between travel characteristic parameters and the interrelation among the characteristic variables of the same type of travel. This is different from the existing commute-based general cognition.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U12

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