基于遗传算法的智能交通信号区域协调控制研究

发布时间：2018-06-26 13:47

本文选题：交通信号 + 协调控制　；参考：《西华大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于城市交通堵塞问题日益严重，因此近年来区域交通信号的协调控制成为了智能交通控制研究的一个热点。在这方面研究中，大多使用了HCM中的时延计算模型，但是该模型没有考虑相位差因素，而一些对相位差的研究中没有将相位差与周期、相位、车速和路口距离之间的关系考虑完整，且只是用于交通干线。因此本文在HCM的时延计算模型的基础上添加了基于相位差的时延计算模型，以此将整个区域内的交叉路口关联起来，对相位差与周期、车速和路口距离之间的不同关系下的车辆时延进行研究。另外在车辆时延模型建立的基础上利用遗传算法对区域中各个交叉口的周期、相位和相位差时间进行优化。在算法中，将交叉和变异概率与种群的平均适应度和个体的适应度相联系，，提高了求解速度。在区域优化求解过程中把各路口的部分最优个体组合成区域计算的初始种群，并限制周期变异范围，从而进一步提高算法收敛速度。而且将参与交叉和变异操作的个体以编码中的参数为单位进行分割，对个体中分割后的各部分分别进行交叉和变异操作，以提高各参数的多样性。文章以最小化整个区域中的平均车辆时延为目标，以单条交通流为研究时延为最小单位，以区域为协调控制为总体，以达到全局控制的目的。最后对一个四交叉口区域进行仿真，并与未改进的方法得出的配时效果进行对比。结果表明，在交通流不接近饱和的情况下，本文的方案能够明显地提高交通信号协调控制的效果。
[Abstract]:As the problem of urban traffic jam is becoming more and more serious, the coordinated control of regional traffic signals has become a hot topic in the research of intelligent traffic control in recent years. In this respect, most of the time delay calculation models in HCM are used, but the phase difference is not considered in this model, and some researches on the phase difference do not include the phase difference and the period, phase, phase. The relationship between speed and intersection distance is considered to be complete and is only used on trunk lines. In this paper, based on the calculation model of HCM's time delay, a phase difference based time delay calculation model is added to correlate the intersections of the whole region, the phase difference and the period. The vehicle delay is studied under the different relationship between vehicle speed and intersection distance. In addition, based on the vehicle delay model, genetic algorithm is used to optimize the period, phase and phase difference time of each intersection in the region. In the algorithm, the crossover and mutation probability are associated with the average fitness of the population and the fitness of the individual, and the solution speed is improved. In the process of solving regional optimization, some of the optimal individuals at each intersection are combined into the initial population of the region calculation, and the range of periodic variation is limited, thus the convergence speed of the algorithm is further improved. Moreover, the individuals involved in the crossover and mutation operations are segmented in the units of the parameters in the coding, and then each part of the segmented parts is crossed and mutated, respectively, in order to improve the diversity of the parameters. The aim of this paper is to minimize the average vehicle delay in the whole region, take the single traffic flow as the minimum unit of study time delay, and take the region as the coordinated control as a whole, so as to achieve the goal of global control. Finally, a four-intersection region is simulated and compared with the time-matching effect obtained by the unimproved method. The results show that under the condition that the traffic flow is not close to saturation, the scheme in this paper can obviously improve the effect of traffic signal coordination control.
【学位授予单位】：西华大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.54

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