汽车正面碰撞乘员约束系统仿真与稳健优化方法研究
发布时间：2018-07-29 07:25
【摘要】：截至2012年底,我国汽车保有量已超过1.2亿辆,而道路交通事故的发生率却持续增高,危害之大可见一斑。当交通事故发生时,怎样使乘员的生命安全得到有效保护,提高汽车的被动安全性,是全球各大汽车制造厂商研究的主要内容之一。乘员约束系统研究是汽车被动安全研究的主要内容。本文利用MADYMO软件建立正面碰撞乘员约束系统的模型,并对其进行优化设计与分析,进一步深化了汽车被动安全性的研究。 在乘员约束系统研究方面,目前的大部分研究都是针对安全带、方向盘、座椅和安全气囊的性能进行确定性优化,而对于不确定因素的影响作用常常不加考虑,然而当碰撞条件出现变化或设计变量发生波动时,优化目标可能会超出约束界限而使设计失效,延长产品开发周期。本文在总结前人研究工作的基础上,综合运用试验设计、田口鲁棒设计和稳健性理论这三种理论方法,对乘员约束系统进行稳健性优化设计。 本文首先分析了汽车被动安全性的研究内容和方法及国内外研究现状,重点介绍了乘员约束系统。其次阐述了正碰过程乘员损伤准则、各国的碰撞法规及我国正面碰撞技术法规及C-NCAP碰撞评价方法。接着运用MADYMO进行正面碰撞约束系统的建模,包括车体系统模型,安全气囊和安全带有限元模型,假人模型,进行了假人模型的定位,接触的定义等,并对模型进行求解计算输出。然后对所建模型进行参数灵敏度分析,分析单个参数改变对约束系统的影响,并采用正交试验、极差分析法进行设计变量的灵敏度筛选。最后综合运用试验设计、稳健性理论及田口鲁棒设计这三种理论方法,对乘员约束系统进行稳健性优化设计,得到最优方案,与试验设计得到的最优方案比较并进行稳健性评价。 通过灵敏度分析,本文得到了影响头部HIC、胸部3MS和Thpc等的主要设计参数以及各个设计参数的改变对乘员损伤值的影响情况。由稳健性分析可知,采用基于田口鲁棒设计的稳健性优化设计方法十分有效。相比仅采用试验设计方法的优化结果,该方法不仅进一步优化了设计目标,而且提高了设计变量的可靠度及目标函数的稳健性。该方法具有一般性,同样可以用在其他系统的优化设计研究方面。
[Abstract]:Up to the end of 2012, the number of cars in China has exceeded 120 million, but the incidence of road traffic accidents continues to increase, the harm can be seen. How to effectively protect the safety of passengers and improve the passive safety of vehicles when traffic accidents occur is one of the main research contents of the major automobile manufacturers in the world. The study of passenger restraint system is the main content of vehicle passive safety research. In this paper, the model of frontal impact passenger constraint system is established by using MADYMO software, and the optimization design and analysis are carried out, which further deepens the research on passive safety of vehicle. In the research of occupant restraint system, most of the current researches are focused on the deterministic optimization of the performance of seat belts, steering wheels, seats and airbags, but the effect of uncertainties is often ignored. However, when the collision condition changes or the design variable fluctuates, the optimization objective may exceed the constraint limit and make the design invalid and prolong the product development cycle. On the basis of summing up the previous research work, this paper makes use of the three theoretical methods of experimental design, robust design and robustness theory to optimize the robust design of the occupant constrained system. In this paper, the research contents and methods of passive safety and the current research situation at home and abroad are analyzed, and the occupant restraint system is introduced emphatically. Secondly, the damage criteria of the occupants in the forward collision process, the collision regulations of various countries, the frontal collision technical regulations of our country and the C-NCAP collision evaluation method are expounded. Then MADYMO is used to model the frontal impact restraint system, including the car body system model, the airbag and seat belt finite element model, the dummy model, the positioning of the dummy model, the definition of contact, etc. The model is solved and calculated. Then the sensitivity of the model is analyzed and the influence of single parameter change on the constraint system is analyzed. The sensitivity of the design variables is screened by orthogonal test and range analysis. Finally, the optimal scheme is obtained by synthesizing the three theoretical methods of experimental design, robust theory and Taguchi robust design. Compare with the optimal scheme and evaluate the robustness. Based on the sensitivity analysis, the main design parameters of head HIC, chest 3MS and Thpc, and the influence of each design parameter on the occupants' injury value are obtained in this paper. According to robustness analysis, robust optimal design method based on robust design is very effective. Compared with the experimental design method, this method not only optimizes the design objective, but also improves the reliability of the design variables and the robustness of the objective function. This method is general and can also be used in the research of optimization design of other systems.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U467.14;U491.61
本文编号：2151946
[Abstract]:Up to the end of 2012, the number of cars in China has exceeded 120 million, but the incidence of road traffic accidents continues to increase, the harm can be seen. How to effectively protect the safety of passengers and improve the passive safety of vehicles when traffic accidents occur is one of the main research contents of the major automobile manufacturers in the world. The study of passenger restraint system is the main content of vehicle passive safety research. In this paper, the model of frontal impact passenger constraint system is established by using MADYMO software, and the optimization design and analysis are carried out, which further deepens the research on passive safety of vehicle. In the research of occupant restraint system, most of the current researches are focused on the deterministic optimization of the performance of seat belts, steering wheels, seats and airbags, but the effect of uncertainties is often ignored. However, when the collision condition changes or the design variable fluctuates, the optimization objective may exceed the constraint limit and make the design invalid and prolong the product development cycle. On the basis of summing up the previous research work, this paper makes use of the three theoretical methods of experimental design, robust design and robustness theory to optimize the robust design of the occupant constrained system. In this paper, the research contents and methods of passive safety and the current research situation at home and abroad are analyzed, and the occupant restraint system is introduced emphatically. Secondly, the damage criteria of the occupants in the forward collision process, the collision regulations of various countries, the frontal collision technical regulations of our country and the C-NCAP collision evaluation method are expounded. Then MADYMO is used to model the frontal impact restraint system, including the car body system model, the airbag and seat belt finite element model, the dummy model, the positioning of the dummy model, the definition of contact, etc. The model is solved and calculated. Then the sensitivity of the model is analyzed and the influence of single parameter change on the constraint system is analyzed. The sensitivity of the design variables is screened by orthogonal test and range analysis. Finally, the optimal scheme is obtained by synthesizing the three theoretical methods of experimental design, robust theory and Taguchi robust design. Compare with the optimal scheme and evaluate the robustness. Based on the sensitivity analysis, the main design parameters of head HIC, chest 3MS and Thpc, and the influence of each design parameter on the occupants' injury value are obtained in this paper. According to robustness analysis, robust optimal design method based on robust design is very effective. Compared with the experimental design method, this method not only optimizes the design objective, but also improves the reliability of the design variables and the robustness of the objective function. This method is general and can also be used in the research of optimization design of other systems.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U467.14;U491.61
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