绿色公共自行车系统运营及保障机制研究

发布时间：2018-10-19 12:05

【摘要】：随着城市机动化进程的加快，机动车保有量的爆发性增长，引起了诸如交通拥堵、交通事故频发、空气污染、噪音污染、能源消耗等许多城市问题。公共自行车是一种低碳、环保、绿色的交通出行方式，在城市短距离出行、“B+R”换乘以及休闲旅游等方面发挥着巨大的作用。但自公共自行车服务系统启动以来，还存在着租赁网点不足、退租办理周期较长和还车难、站点覆盖不完善、各区系统间不兼容等问题。这些问题的解决一方面需要合理布局交通设施，另一方面也要进一步完善运营管理，使公共自行车健康、有序地发展。本文首先回顾了国内外公共自行车系统运营及保障机制应用现状，明确了研究的方向和重点。接着对绿色交通的内涵、公共自行车系统概念及绿色公共自行车系统的内涵进行了阐述；然后对公共自行车系统的功能定位和经济特性进行了概述，介绍了公共自行车系统的构成，并从环境效益和社会效益两方面论述了公共自行车系统构建的必要性，从经济和技术的可行性论述了系统构建的可行性。其次，为建设规模化、网络化的公共自行车系统，保障公共自行车运营效果，从租赁点需求规模预测、租赁网点布局规划、租赁点规模测算三方面对公共自行车租赁点设置进行研究。在分析租赁点类型及设置影响因素分析的基础上，预测了起讫需求点和换乘需求点的需求规模。从租赁点布局规划原则及思路、租赁点布局规划和租赁点布设方式三方面分析了租赁网点的布局规划，测算了租赁点的规模。最后，本文研究分析了公共自行车系统运营模式及其保障机制。从运营主体的角度出发，本文将公共自行车系统的运营模式分为三类：完全市场化模式、政府购买服务模式、部分市场化模式。结合公共自行车运营模式的特性分析，以系统运营的高效服务为目标，分析了系统运营模式的适应性。论文从系统的运营组织实施方案和配套保障措施阐述了公共自行车系统的运营管理。论文最后还从公共自行车系统规划、建设、运营三个方面及十个维度，即①系统规划阶段的交通政策机制、政府部门的引导和协调机制、系统规划机制、客流需求调查反馈机制；②系统建设阶段的投融资保障机制和技术支撑机制；③系统运营阶段的运营机制、监管及预防机制、系统维护机制、社会意识和宣传机制，，展开阐述了公共自行车系统运营保障机制体系。本文的研究有利于公共自行车交通的推广，对城市公共自行车系统运营效果的提升、缓解城市交通拥堵以及实现城市交通健康、和谐、有序的发展具有重要的参考借鉴意义。
[Abstract]:With the acceleration of urban motorization, the explosive growth of vehicle ownership has caused many urban problems, such as traffic congestion, frequent traffic accidents, air pollution, noise pollution, energy consumption and so on. Public bicycle is a low carbon, environmental protection, green transportation mode, which plays a great role in short distance travel, "B R" transfer and leisure tourism. However, since the public bicycle service system was started, there are still some problems, such as the shortage of rental network, the long processing period and the difficulty of returning the car, the imperfect coverage of the station, the incompatibility between the systems in each district, and so on. On the one hand, the solution of these problems needs reasonable distribution of transportation facilities, on the other hand, it is necessary to further improve the operation management to make the public bicycle develop healthily and orderly. Firstly, this paper reviews the current situation of the operation and guarantee mechanism of public bicycle system at home and abroad, and clarifies the direction and emphasis of the research. Then the connotation of green traffic, the concept of public bicycle system and the connotation of green public bicycle system are expounded, and then the function orientation and economic characteristics of public bicycle system are summarized. This paper introduces the constitution of public bicycle system, discusses the necessity of constructing public bicycle system from two aspects of environmental benefit and social benefit, and discusses the feasibility of system construction from the feasibility of economy and technology. Secondly, in order to build a large-scale, networked public bicycle system, to ensure the operational effect of public bicycle, from the point of lease demand scale prediction, rental network layout planning, This paper studies the setting of public bicycle rental point in three aspects: scale calculation of lease point. Based on the analysis of the types of lease points and the factors affecting the setting up, the demand scale of the starting and ending demand points and the transfer demand points are forecasted. This paper analyzes the layout planning of the rental network from three aspects: the principle and the thought of the layout planning of the lease point, the layout planning of the lease point and the layout mode of the leasing point, and calculates the scale of the leasing point. Finally, this paper studies and analyzes the public bicycle system operation model and its safeguard mechanism. From the point of view of the main body of operation, this paper divides the operation mode of public bicycle system into three categories: complete marketization mode, government purchase service mode, and partial marketization mode. Combined with the characteristic analysis of the public bicycle operation mode, the adaptability of the system operation mode is analyzed, aiming at the efficient service of the system operation. The paper expounds the operation and management of the public bicycle system from the system operation organization implementation scheme and supporting safeguard measures. At the end of the paper, there are three aspects and ten dimensions of public bicycle system planning, construction and operation, that is, the transportation policy mechanism in the system planning stage, the guidance and coordination mechanism of the government department, and the system planning mechanism. Passenger demand investigation and feedback mechanism; (2) investment and financing guarantee mechanism and technical support mechanism in system construction stage; (3) operation mechanism, supervision and prevention mechanism, system maintenance mechanism, social consciousness and propaganda mechanism in system operation phase, The operation system of public bicycle system is expounded. The research in this paper is beneficial to the promotion of public bicycle traffic, to the improvement of the operation effect of urban public bicycle system, to the alleviation of urban traffic congestion and to the realization of urban traffic health, harmony and orderly development.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U491.17;U491.225

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