基于桥墩截面形状的船撞桥墩数值仿真分析及其试验方案研究

发布时间：2019-04-15 22:38

【摘要】：水陆交叉运输系统的不断发展推动着跨航道桥梁的建设，大量跨江桥梁的修建引起船桥碰撞风险大大提高，碰撞事故屡屡发生。因此，船桥碰撞问题对于航道中桥墩以及整桥的设计成为人们关注的焦点。近几年，有限元技术的快速发展，数值仿真在船桥碰撞研究中被大量采用，同时配合试验以验证研究的正确性。本文正是在这种背景下进行了桥墩不同截面及高度和配筋率对船撞力的影响并配以试验方案，主要工作如下： ①调研统计长江流域上跨江桥梁与船舶特征，分别从桥梁类型、桥墩截面形状、水位变化、船舶类型等因素对碰撞的影响，选取了矩形、圆形、圆端形、尖端形四种截面；175m水位；2000DWT和5000DWT的散装货船，为仿真分析提供依据。 ②通过不同截面形状及高度的船桥碰撞数值仿真分析，得到圆端形双柱墩为最耐撞的桥墩截面形状。从船桥碰撞角度判断桥墩高度小于40m为最优高度。 ③截面配筋率对桥墩抗船撞力的分析研究。通过调研长江上部分桥墩截面配筋率，得到常用配筋率1.0%，在此基础上分别增加和减少0.2%，对比分析配筋率对船撞力的影响，可知撞击力仅提高或降低0.46%，为实际防撞工程的提供配筋参考。初步研究船桥碰撞中的综合刚度，即同时考虑桥墩和船舶的刚度对船撞力的影响。 ④基于截面形状的桥墩刚度船撞试验方案。根据汽车碰撞原理模拟船桥碰撞，通过试验结果验证第三章的数值仿真结果。最后，在总结本文研究内容的基础上，得出部分结论对桥梁设计和船桥碰撞验算具有参考意义。
[Abstract]:The continuous development of land-water cross-transportation system promotes the construction of cross-channel bridges. The construction of a large number of cross-river bridges leads to a great increase in the collision risk of ships and bridges, and collision accidents occur frequently. Therefore, the collision between ships and bridges has become the focus of attention for the design of piers and whole bridges in the channel. In recent years, with the rapid development of finite element technology, numerical simulation has been widely used in the study of ship-bridge collision, and experiments are carried out to verify the correctness of the study. In this paper, the effects of different section, height and reinforcement ratio of piers on ship impact force are carried out. The main work is as follows: (1) the characteristics of bridges and ships across the Yangtze River basin are investigated and analyzed, and the results are as follows: (1) the characteristics of the bridge and ship in the Yangtze River basin are analyzed. According to the influence of bridge type, pier cross-section shape, water level change, ship type and other factors on collision, four kinds of cross-sections are selected: rectangle, round end shape and tip shape. 175m water level; 2000DWT and 5000DWT bulk carrier, provide the basis for simulation analysis. 2 through the numerical simulation analysis of ship bridge collision with different cross-section shape and height, it is found that the double-column pier with round end is the most anti-collision pier cross-section shape. From the angle of collision, the optimum height of pier is less than 40 m. Analysis and research on ship impact force of bridge piers by cross-section reinforcement ratio. By investigating the reinforcement ratio of some piers on the Yangtze River, it is found that the reinforcement ratio in common use is 1.0%. On this basis, the reinforcement ratio increases and decreases 0.2% respectively. By comparing and analyzing the influence of reinforcement ratio on the ship impact force, it can be seen that the impact force only increases or decreases by 0.46%. For the actual anti-collision project to provide reinforcement reference. In this paper, the comprehensive stiffness of ship bridge in collision is studied, that is to say, the influence of pier and ship stiffness on ship impact force is taken into account at the same time. (4) the bridge pier stiffness ship collision test scheme based on cross-section shape. According to the collision principle of automobile, the ship bridge collision is simulated, and the numerical simulation results of chapter 3 are verified by the test results. Finally, on the basis of summarizing the research contents of this paper, some conclusions have reference significance for bridge design and ship-bridge collision checking.
【学位授予单位】：重庆交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U443.22

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