沥青拌和站用振动筛的动态仿真及参数优化

发布时间：2019-04-25 15:12

【摘要】：近年来，随着国家对交通、运输事业的大力发展，路面施工机械的需求在工程建设中有了大幅度地增长。沥青拌和站作为路面施工建设中混合料生产的必备设备之一，其技术水平的高低、产品质量的可靠性越来越受到人们的关注；而振动筛又是影响沥青拌和站生产质量的关键设备之一。热骨料的二次筛分结果直接影响骨料参与级配的比例及混合料的质量，从而影响路面质量，进而影响交通安全。为了避免这种恶性多米络效应（Domino Effect）的发生，必须从源头上，对热骨料的筛分设备—振动筛,做出合理的设计，再加上，目前国产振动筛的使用寿命和无故障运行时间相对于国外产品还有比较大的差距，因此，对振动筛的研究、设计、制造就成为十分重要的课题之一。由于双轴直线惯性振动筛在实际施工生产中应用的广泛性，本文将结合河北某拌和站所用的3000型双轴直线惯性振动筛为例进行研究。针对国产振动筛的筛网的易磨损及耐热能力差，，筛框结构强度弱，如何动态预测筛体的振型并避开其工作频率范围等问题，作者通过相关振动理论知识及动态仿真软件的应用，来解决上述目前沥青拌和站振动筛普遍存在的问题。其中，利用三维绘图软件来虚拟安装与生产实际中的振动筛结构和工作环境类似的双轴直线惯性振动筛模型。并且在Pro/E的机构模式中完成仿真运动，输出仿真动画，让振动筛的动态设计变得更加方便。同时在动力学仿真中可以测定筛网及筛体的运动参数，绘制出振动参数随时间的变化或者速度依附于加速度的变化情况图，从而验证设计初值选定的正确性。再利用Pro/E的ANSYS workbench进行模态分析，并与工作频率相比较，判断是否可以通过修正结构参数，来达到避开因固有频率太接近工作频率而造成的共振现象。在结构强度分析阶段，主要采用有限元分析的思想，对筛体的结构做了静态和动态的力学分析，保证该振动筛在实际生产中的安全性和准确性，更重要的是，为了节约能源，同时在不降低工作效率的情况下，对该振动筛的工作参数和结构参数做了必要的优化分析。这些研究结果不单是为间歇式沥青搅拌站的振动筛的优化提供方法，同时也可以为应用于煤炭，冶金方面的振动筛做一些参考。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of transportation and transportation, the demand of pavement construction machinery has been greatly increased in engineering construction. Asphalt mixing plant is one of the necessary equipment for mixture production in pavement construction. People pay more and more attention to its technical level and reliability of product quality. The vibrating screen is one of the key equipments which affect the production quality of asphalt mixing station. The results of secondary screening of hot aggregate directly affect the proportion of aggregate participating in gradation and the quality of mixture, thus affecting the quality of road surface, and then affecting the traffic safety. In order to avoid this kind of malignant multi-meter complex effect (Domino Effect) occurrence, must from the source, to the hot aggregate sieving equipment-vibrating screen, makes the reasonable design, adds, At present, the service life and fault-free running time of domestic vibrating screen are far behind that of foreign products. Therefore, the research, design and manufacture of vibrating screen have become one of the most important topics. Due to the extensive application of biaxial linear inertial vibrating screen in practical construction and production, this paper takes the 3000 double-axis linear inertial vibrating screen used in a mixing station in Hebei province as an example to carry on the research. In view of the problems such as poor wear and heat resistance of the screen made in China, weak structural strength of the screen frame, how to dynamically predict the vibration shape of the screen body and avoid its working frequency range, the author adopts the relevant vibration theory knowledge and the application of the dynamic simulation software, and so on. To solve the above existing problems of asphalt mixing plant vibrating screen. The three-dimensional drawing software is used to install the two-axis linear inertial vibrating screen model which is similar to the structure and working environment of the vibrating screen in practice. And the simulation motion is completed in the mechanism mode of Pro/E, and the simulation animation is outputted, which makes the dynamic design of the vibrating screen more convenient. At the same time, the motion parameters of screen and sieve can be measured in dynamic simulation, and the variation of vibration parameters with time or the variation of velocity depending on acceleration can be plotted, so as to verify the correctness of the selection of initial design values. Then the modal analysis is carried out by the ANSYS workbench of Pro/E, and compared with the working frequency, it is judged whether the structural parameters can be modified to avoid the resonance phenomenon caused by the natural frequency being too close to the working frequency. In the stage of structural strength analysis, the static and dynamic mechanical analysis of the structure of the sieve body is mainly carried out by using the idea of finite element analysis to ensure the safety and accuracy of the vibrating screen in actual production. More importantly, in order to save energy, At the same time, the necessary optimization analysis of the working parameters and structural parameters of the vibrating screen is made without reducing the working efficiency. These results not only provide a method for the optimization of vibrating screen in batch asphalt mixing station, but also provide some references for the application of vibrating screen in coal and metallurgy.
【学位授予单位】：长安大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：U415.52

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