基于专利知识的机械产品创新设计方法研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 04:30

本文关键词：基于专利知识的机械产品创新设计方法研究　出处：《浙江大学》2013年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：在综合分析了专利文本的处理方法、基于专利知识的创新设计方法及其应用系统的研究现状后,本文针对当前英文专利知识应用于创新设计的研究中存在的一些关键问题,提出了新的解决方法,主要研究进展体现在以下五个方面：一、专利自动分类方法研究研究了专利文本部分的表述特点,分析了包括特征选择算法和分类算法的现有分类方法用于专利文本自动分类的缺点。基于信息增益算法和K邻近算法,提出了改进的信息增益算法用于特征选择,改进的K邻近算法用于专利分类,在此基础上进一步提出了一种高效的专利自动分类方法。最后以美国专利的分类试验为例,说明该专利自动分类方法能准确有效地实现专利文本分类,并且有助于在基于专利的创新设计中的检索和分析应用。二、专利创新性评估方法研究根据专利中所包含知识的特点,采用动词和名词分别代表原理设计知识和结构设计知识。通过引入信息熵的概念,分别提出了专利知识新颖度和相容度的量化评估方法。结合形态学分析方法,建立了组合专利知识的创新性评估模型,提出了基于形态学分析的组合专利知识创新性评估过程。以具有自锁功能的直线驱动机构设计中所采用的专利知识评估作为例子,通过试验对比分析了专利数量和专利知识词汇数量对创新性评估结果的影响,验证了提出的新颖度和相容度量化评估方法以及组合专利知识创新设计方法的有效性。三、机械产品专利作用结构知识获取方法研究针对机械产品专利,分析了现有专利作用结构知识提取和表示方法所存在的问题,提出了针对英文专利的作用结构知识获取方法,包括技术对象和技术关系两方面提取任务。提出了作用结构知识图形化表示方法,建立了基于可扩展标记语言结构XSD和统一建模语言UML的专利作用结构知识表示模型。研究了机械产品专利语言的特点,采用最大熵模型和领域内专利术语词典识别并提取技术对象,通过建立组成类动词库识别核心动词提取技术关系。该专利作用结构知识表示模型具有建模便捷和提取过程计算机自动处理等特点。结合美国专利实例,阐述了从专利中提取作用结构知识,写入XSD结构化文档,最后转化为作用结构表示图的获取过程。四、基于专利灵感启发的机械产品创新设计研究总结了专利中有助于灵感启发的知识类型,分析了各类知识的特点,提出了基于正则表达式和非确定有限自动机的专利灵感启发知识提取方法,并结合专利作用结构知识构建了用于灵感启发的专利知识表示模型。根据授权发明专利的发明形式,结合专利知识类型,系统性地提出了灵感启发方式,发现了一些至今未出现的新启发方式。在此基础上,提出了基于专利灵感启发的创新设计过程,通过构建以灵感启发方式和专利知识为核心的灵感启发环境,激发设计者的灵感辅助创新设计。以具有自锁功能的液压油缸创新设计为例,验证了这一创新设计过程的可行性和有效性。五、基于专利知识的计算机辅助创新系统研究以前述理论研究为基础,开发了由知识库、专利库、规则库和功能模块组成的基于专利知识的计算机辅助创新系统,实现了基于专利知识的启发创新设计流程。结合液压油缸产品设计,说明了该系统功能模块的操作界面及操作方法,初步验证了该系统的有效性。通过该系统产生的创新设计产品获得国家发明专利。
[Abstract]:In a comprehensive analysis of the patent text processing method, based on the present research situation of system innovation design method of patent knowledge and its application, aiming at some key problems of the current English patent knowledge used in the innovative design of the proposed new solutions, the main research progress is reflected in the following five aspects:
First, research on the automatic classification method of patent
Study on the expression characteristics of patent text, analysis of the existing classification methods including feature selection algorithm and classification algorithm for automatic text classification. The disadvantages of patent information gain algorithm and K neighbor algorithm based on information gain algorithm for feature selection is proposed. The improved algorithm for K adjacent patent classification, on this basis, the automatic classification method for an efficient patent. Finally to test the United States Patent Classification as an example, the automatic classification method can accurately and effectively implement the patent patent text classification, and contributes to the innovation of design patent in the retrieval and analysis based on the application.
Two, research on the method of patent innovation evaluation
According to the characteristics of the knowledge contained in patents, using verbs and nouns respectively represent the principle of design knowledge and design knowledge structure. By introducing the concept of information entropy, respectively put forward quantitative evaluation method of novelty and compatibility of patent knowledge. Combined with morphological analysis method, established evaluation model of innovative combination of patent knowledge, are proposed. Knowledge innovation patent portfolio assessment process based on morphological analysis. In line with self-locking function driven by mechanism design patent evaluation as an example, affect the number of patent number and patent knowledge vocabulary for innovative assessment results were analyzed by comparative test, verify the validity of the proposed novelty and compatibility evaluation method and combination of patent knowledge innovation design method.
Three, research on knowledge acquisition method of mechanical product patent
According to the analysis of the existing mechanical product patent, patent structure knowledge extraction and representation methods of the existing problems, proposes a method for structure of knowledge for English patents, including two aspects of the relationship between technology and object extraction technology task. Put forward the role of knowledge of the structure of the graphical representation method of knowledge representation model structure, the function of patent extensible markup language the structure of XSD and the unified modeling language based on UML is established. The characteristics of patent language of mechanical products, as to using the maximum entropy model and in the field of patent glossary identification and extraction technology, composition of animal lexicon identifying core extraction technology. The relationship between verbs by establishing the function of patent structure knowledge representation model with modeling convenience and feature extraction the process of computer automatic processing. Combined with the United States patent case, expounds the effect of extract from the patent knowledge structure, write into XS D structured documents, finally converted to the process of obtaining the graphical representation of the functional structure.
Four, research on innovation design of mechanical products based on the inspiration of patent
Summary of the patent contributes to the inspiration of knowledge type, analyzes the characteristics of various types of knowledge, puts forward the regular expression and extraction method of non deterministic finite automaton patent inspiration based on knowledge and inspiration for the patent knowledge representation model is constructed with the function of patent knowledge structure. According to the invention patent authorization form the combination of patent knowledge types, systematically put forward the inspiration, has not found some new inspiration. On this basis, put forward the innovative design process of patent based on inspiration, through building the inspiration and patent knowledge as the core of the inspiration, creative design inspiration assisted designers to stimulate. The innovative design of hydraulic cylinder with self-locking function as an example, to verify the feasibility of this innovative design process and effectiveness.
Five, research on computer aided innovation system based on patent knowledge
On the basis of the research on the theory, developed by the knowledge base, patent database, computer aided innovation system based on patent knowledge rules and function modules, realizes the inspiration of innovative design process based on the knowledge of the patent. The combination of hydraulic cylinder product design, illustrates the operating interface of the system function module and operation method, preliminary verification the effectiveness of the system. The product innovation design produced by the system won the national invention patent.

【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TH122

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