数字化矿山建模方法的研究与采矿过程数值模拟

发布时间：2018-05-19 09:50

本文选题：数字化矿山 + 三维建模　；参考：《大连理工大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：多年来,我国在矿山自动化领域投入了几千亿资金,生产效率大幅提高,虽然给矿山企业带来了商机,但也正承受着巨大的成本压力,迫使采矿作业不得不走向数字化和智能化的道路,随着计算机图形技术的迅猛发展和日趋成熟,越来越多的企业为了提高资源开采率、降低企业吨煤成本,依托自动化平台基础建设规划数字化矿山。本文从数字化矿山的三维建模体系角度出发,结合矿山的集成数据特点及数字化矿山建设要求,搭建数字化矿山三维建模和信息集成体系,提出数字化矿山的发展方向,围绕数字化矿山三维建模方法展开研究和设计,采用Voronoi图算法完成了井下三维离散体建模软件的开发,并通过差值运算等方法判断出断层或褶皱地质结构的范围,矿山地质工作者在系统给出的范围内进行补充勘探后,通过中间差值的方法得到断层的边界和真实煤层的走向。在论文后期为了研究煤层开采过程中煤岩体系的运移规律,通过地质结构的样本参数和地质构造力的测定数据,计算出参与运算构造力数据,利用FLAC3D工具提供的开挖模型、塑性区破坏等分析模型来模拟推进距离与顶板下沉量、受力大小和顶板破坏结构的关系,间接验证了开采过程地质位移的关键因素及理论结果,将测算的结果数据赋值给三维离散体动态模型,用于模拟同一开采水平面生产工作面在开采过程中顶板下沉量和煤层承受应压力的变化关系。系统可集成井下顶板压力监测数据,通过必要的集成数据对开采环境的变化提供前瞻性的分析,为采矿设计(矿井采矿设计)、三维地学断面重建和虚拟探矿工程提供了一定的理论与技术支撑手段。一般来说对井下开采环境的认知来源于勘探数据,而勘探数据不能准确辨识出煤层的尖灭和断层位置,这也是数字化矿山三维建模体系中的难点和关键技术,论文期间提出了一种三维地质离散体模型的创新建模方法,充分利用已探明的矿山数据,通过虚拟现实技术构建有效的动态地质模型,便于利用采矿过程数学模型的分析结果,采用“构建-模拟-修正”体模型独立单元的方法,动态模拟采矿过程地质体的运移规律。
[Abstract]:Over the years, our country has invested hundreds of billions of dollars in the field of mine automation, and its production efficiency has been greatly improved. Although it has brought business opportunities to mining enterprises, it is also under enormous cost pressure. With the rapid development and maturity of computer graphics technology, more and more enterprises in order to improve the rate of exploitation of resources, reduce the cost of tons of coal. Rely on automation platform infrastructure planning digital mine. From the angle of 3D modeling system of digital mine, combined with the characteristics of integrated data and the requirement of digital mine construction, this paper sets up the 3D modeling and information integration system of digital mine, and puts forward the developing direction of digital mine. Based on the research and design of 3D modeling method of digital mine, the software of underground 3D discrete body modeling is developed by using Voronoi diagram algorithm, and the range of fault or fold geological structure is judged by difference operation. After supplementary exploration within the range given by the system, the boundary of fault and the strike of real coal seam are obtained by the method of intermediate difference. In the later part of the paper, in order to study the migration law of coal and rock system in coal seam mining process, through the sample parameters of geological structure and the determination data of geological tectonic force, the data of participating in the calculation of tectonic force are calculated, and the excavation model provided by FLAC3D tool is used. The plastic zone failure analysis model is used to simulate the relationship between propelling distance and roof subsidence, force size and roof failure structure, which indirectly verifies the key factors and theoretical results of geological displacement during mining. The calculated data are assigned to a three dimensional discrete dynamic model, which is used to simulate the relationship between the roof subsidence and the pressure of coal seam in the process of mining in the same mining horizontal production face. The system can integrate downhole roof pressure monitoring data and provide prospective analysis of mining environment through necessary integrated data. It provides certain theoretical and technical support means for mining design (mine mining design, 3D geoscience section reconstruction and virtual prospecting engineering). Generally speaking, the cognition of the underground mining environment comes from the exploration data, but the exploration data can not accurately identify the coal seam tip out and fault location, which is also the difficulty and key technology in the 3D modeling system of digital mine. During the paper, an innovative modeling method of 3D geological discrete body model is put forward, which makes full use of proven mine data and constructs an effective dynamic geological model through virtual reality technology, which is convenient to use the analysis results of mathematical model of mining process. By using the method of "build-simulate-modify" volume model, the migration law of geological bodies during mining process is simulated dynamically.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD67

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