东升庙铅锌矿采空区稳定性监测技术研究

发布时间：2018-08-29 17:06

【摘要】：矿山的地下开采就会产生采空区，采空区的存在对矿山的安全生产来说是一个潜在性的威胁。尤其是采用空场法进行开采的金属矿，采空区面积的不断增加，是矿山日常生产中不可回避的问题。怎样在安全生产与经济效益之间寻求平衡，是矿业从业者需要不断研究的问题。本文以东升庙铅锌矿为研究背景，以东矿采空区的微震监测项目为依托，首先通过对东矿实际的开采情况进行现场调研，完成矿山的三位数字化模型的建立；其次是运用数值模拟的方法对东矿的开采情况进行分步模拟，并判断采后空区的稳定性；最后是通过东矿的微震监测系统来对空区进行实时监测，保障矿山的生产安全，使东矿的工作人员可以提前防范可能出现的大范围的空区失稳灾害。具体的研究内容如下：首先，对东矿进行资料收集与现场调研，运用SURPAC数字矿山软件对东矿2#和11#矿体以及地表、巷道建立三维数值模型。并寻求一种新的地表建模的方法，在手头资料不足的情况下可以建立准确的矿山地表模型。然后，将上一步建立的SURPAC模型转化到MIDAS/GTS NX有限元软件中进行数值计算，，其中对模型需要做一定的简化工作。对东矿的矿体开采，分三步进行开挖模拟：第一步，对900中段以上的矿体进行开挖，对开挖结果进行应力与位移的分析；第二步是模拟850~900中段矿体的继续开挖；第三步是模拟800~850中段矿体的开挖。对各个模拟阶段的位移、应力图进行对比分析，找出岩体中发生应力集中和位移最大的区域，分析可知采空区围岩整体上仍处于稳定状态，并确定出围岩局部需要进行重点监测的区域。最后，以东矿的实际情况为基础，结合MIDAS/GTS NX软件的计算模拟结果，建立东矿的IMS微震监测系统。然后对该系统进行室内虚拟模拟分析和现场定位精度分析；将第一部分建立的SURPAC模型用于微震事件的空间显示；在JDI可视化分析软件中对微震事件进行处理分析，通过生成的视体积和能量指数曲线来判断发生围岩失稳的可能性，达到安全监测的目的。到目前为止，东升庙铅锌矿的采空区仍处于稳定状态，没有发生任何对矿山生产有危害的事故，与本文所得结论相一致。
[Abstract]:Underground mining will produce goaf, the existence of goaf is a potential threat to the safety of mine production. In particular, the increasing of the goaf area is an unavoidable problem in the daily production of the metal mines which are mined by the open field method. How to strike a balance between safe production and economic benefits is a problem which needs to be studied continuously by mining practitioners. Based on the background of Dongshenmiao lead-zinc mine and the microseismic monitoring project in the mining goaf of east mine, this paper completes the establishment of the three-position digital model of the mine by investigating the actual mining situation of Dongshenmiao Mine. Secondly, it uses numerical simulation method to simulate the mining situation of East Coal Mine step by step, and judges the stability of the goaf after mining. Finally, through the micro-seismic monitoring system of the east mine, the goaf is monitored in real time to ensure the safety of mine production. So that the east mine staff can prevent the occurrence of a wide range of open area instability disaster ahead of time. The specific contents of the research are as follows: firstly, the data collection and field investigation of the East Mine are carried out, and the 3D numerical model of the ore bodies and roadways of East Mine 2# and 11# is established by using the SURPAC digital mining software. A new method of surface modeling can be used to establish an accurate mine surface model under the condition of lack of data on hand. Then, the SURPAC model established in the previous step is transformed into the MIDAS/GTS NX finite element software for numerical calculation, in which the model needs to be simplified. The mining of ore body in east mine is simulated in three steps: first, the ore body above 900 is excavated, and the stress and displacement of the excavation result are analyzed, the second step is to simulate the continuation excavation of the ore body in 850 ~ 900; The third step is to simulate the excavation of the ore body in the middle section of 800g 850. The displacement and stress diagram of each simulation stage are compared and analyzed to find out the area where the stress concentration and displacement are the largest in the rock mass. The analysis shows that the surrounding rock in the goaf is still in a stable state as a whole. And determine the local surrounding rock needs to focus on monitoring the area. Finally, based on the actual situation of the east ore, the IMS microseismic monitoring system of the east ore is established based on the simulation results of MIDAS/GTS NX software. Then the indoor virtual simulation analysis and field positioning accuracy analysis of the system are carried out; the SURPAC model established in the first part is used to display the microseismic events in space; and the microseismic events are processed and analyzed in the JDI visual analysis software. According to the apparent volume and energy exponent curve, the possibility of rock instability can be judged, and the safety monitoring can be achieved. Up to now, the goaf of Dongshengmiao lead-zinc mine is still in a stable state, and there is no accident which is harmful to mine production, which is consistent with the conclusion of this paper.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TD325.3

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