河蟹养殖闷热天气指数

发布时间：2018-03-18 18:40

本文选题：河蟹　切入点：江苏省　出处：《江苏农业科学》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：选取能较好反映河蟹养殖闷热天气危害灾害特征的5个气象因子——气压、相对湿度、最高气温、最低气温、日照时数和风速,以此构建闷热天气指数模型以及灾害等级划分标准,系统分析江苏省十大河蟹主要养殖区闷热天气灾害发生规律和变化趋势,并根据计算结果对江苏省的闷热天气灾害进行分析评估。结果表明:河蟹的闷热天气影响主要是以高温、高湿以及低气压来影响水中的溶解氧含量,从而对河蟹活动、觅食和发育造成影响。江苏省闷热灾害时间有2个高值区,一个是南通的海安-如皋到启东一线,还有一个出现在淮安-金湖一线。江苏省的闷热天气灾害主要集中在7—8月,发生的程度主要是轻度和中度闷热。江苏省河蟹养殖区的闷热天气灾害主要表现为减少趋势,轻度和中度闷热天气呈递减趋势,重度闷热天气呈"L"形变化,苏州市吴中区闷热天气灾害随年际变化呈现递减趋势,南京市高淳区目前处于轻度和中度闷热灾害的高发阶段,需加强监测预警和防御工作。因此,江苏省闷热天气灾害的防御须有的放矢,气象部门要加强分区域、分时段、分等级的监测预警,力保全省河蟹的高产优质。
[Abstract]:Five meteorological factors, i.e., air pressure, relative humidity, maximum air temperature, minimum temperature, sunshine hours and wind speed, which can better reflect the hazard characteristics of culturing crabs in muggy weather, were selected. Based on this, the muggy weather index model and disaster classification standard were constructed, and the occurrence law and change trend of muggy weather disaster in ten major river crab breeding areas in Jiangsu Province were analyzed systematically. According to the results of calculation, the muggy weather disasters in Jiangsu Province are analyzed and evaluated. The results show that the hot weather effects of river crabs are mainly influenced by high temperature, high humidity and low pressure to affect the dissolved oxygen content in water, thus affecting the activity of river crabs. Foraging and developmental effects. In Jiangsu Province, there are two high value areas for sultry disasters, one is the Haian-Rugao to Qidong line in Nantong, and the other is on the Huaian-Jinhu line. The muggy weather disaster in Jiangsu Province is mainly concentrated in July-August. The degree of occurrence is mainly mild and moderate sultry heat. In Jiangsu River Crab Culture area, the muggy weather disaster mainly shows a decreasing trend, mild and moderate sultry weather shows a decreasing trend, and heavy muggy weather shows a "L" shape change. The muggy weather disaster in Wuzhong District of Suzhou City is decreasing with the change of years. Gaochun District of Nanjing City is in the stage of mild and moderate sultry heat disaster at present, so it is necessary to strengthen the work of monitoring, warning and prevention. The prevention of muggy weather disasters in Jiangsu Province should be targeted. The meteorological departments should strengthen the monitoring and early warning of river crabs in different regions and stages in order to ensure the high yield and high quality of crabs in the whole province.
【作者单位】：江苏省镇江市气象局;江苏省气象服务中心;江苏省南京市高淳区气象局;
【基金】：江苏省镇江市气象局科研项目“镇江典型农田作物生长计量计算及其应用研究” 江苏省气象科研开放基金(编号:KM201406)
【分类号】：S915;S966.16

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