内蒙古阴山北麓区不同土壤改良剂施用效果研究

发布时间：2018-03-24 15:42

本文选题：土壤改良剂　切入点：土壤养分　出处：《作物杂志》2017年02期

【摘要】：针对内蒙古阴山北麓农牧交错区连年种植马铃薯等忌连作作物引起的土壤结构、地力恢复慢等农业生态恶化问题,选用腐植酸、羊粪、聚丙烯酰胺和生物菌肥4种土壤改良剂,对燕麦农田进行土壤改良剂改土效果研究,测定不同处理土壤养分含量、土壤紧实度及植株干物质积累和叶面积、产量性状指标,结果表明:施用羊粪处理的土壤有机质、碱解氮、速效磷和速效钾含量均最高,分别为21.2g/kg、62mg/kg、6.9mg/kg和81mg/kg,分别较对照(不施改良剂)高38.6%、47.6%、54.3%和52.8%;不同处理对土壤紧实度的影响差异明显,且施用改良剂均较对照降低了土壤紧实度;各处理间叶面积、干物质积累量均呈显著性差异,处理叶面积和干物质积累量均表现为羊粪聚丙烯酰胺腐植酸生物菌肥。羊粪和聚丙烯酰胺处理的叶面积分别比对照高145.8%和99.3%,干物质积累量分别比对照高82.6%和66.8%;羊粪和聚丙烯酰胺处理的燕麦产量最高,分别为2 071.04和2 031.02kg/hm~2,比对照高41.3%和38.6%。因此,本研究中,羊粪和聚丙烯酰胺对土壤改良效果较好,不仅能够提高土壤养分含量,而且可以改善土壤结构,促进燕麦生长和产量形成。
[Abstract]:In view of the problems of soil structure, slow soil restoration and other agricultural ecological deterioration caused by planting potato and other continuous crops in the interlaced area of agriculture and animal husbandry in the northern foot of Yinshan, Inner Mongolia, four soil modifiers, humic acid, sheep dung, polyacrylamide and biofilm, were selected. The effects of soil modifier on oat farmland were studied. The soil nutrient content, soil compactness, dry matter accumulation, leaf area and yield index of different treatments were measured. The results showed that the soil organic matter was treated with sheep manure. The contents of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, available phosphorus and available potassium were the highest (21.2g / kg 路kg ~ (-2) mg 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) mg 路kg ~ (-1)) and 81mg / kg, respectively, which were 38.6% and 52.8% higher than those of the control (no modifier), respectively, and the effects of different treatments on soil compaction were obviously different, and the soil compaction degree was decreased by applying the modifier. There were significant differences in leaf area and dry matter accumulation among different treatments. The leaf area and dry matter accumulation of sheep manure treated with polyacrylamide humic acid were 145.8% and 99.3% higher than that of the control, respectively, and the dry matter accumulation was 82.6% and 66.8% higher than that of the control, respectively, while the leaf area of sheep manure and polyacrylamide treatment was 82.6% and 66.8% higher than that of the control, respectively. Feces and polyacrylamide treatments had the highest yield of oats, It was 2 071.04 and 2 031.02kg / hmm-2, which was 41.3% and 38.6% higher than that of the control. Therefore, sheep manure and polyacrylamide had a better effect on soil improvement, not only increasing soil nutrient content, but also improving soil structure, promoting oats growth and yield formation.
【作者单位】：内蒙古自治区农牧业科学院资源环境与检测技术研究所;中国农业大学农学院;武川县农牧业局;
【基金】：内蒙古科技计划项目(20150218) 国家“十二五”科技支撑项目(2012BAD09B02) 内蒙古农牧业科技创新基金(CXJJ2013N10)
【分类号】：S156.2

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