土壤-植物营养学家朱兆良先生的科学研究与贡献

发布时间：2018-03-27 12:12

本文选题：土壤-植物营养　切入点：朱兆良　出处：《土壤》2017年01期

【摘要】：朱兆良先生是我国著名的土壤-植物营养学家,土壤氮素转化与农田氮素管理研究方面的拓荒者和学术带头人之一。他围绕太湖地区熟制改革后出现的稻田"氮肥胃口增大"问题和在争取作物高产中盲目增加氮肥施用量问题,对稻田土壤供氮能力进行了定量解析和研究,提出了"区域总量控制与田块微调相结合"的氮肥适宜施用量的推荐方法。他致力于农田中氮肥去向的定量研究,首次估算出我国农田中氮肥的当季利用率和损失率,以及不同损失途径的相对比例。他对推动我国土壤氮素研究,发展符合我国国情、农学效应和环境效应相协调的氮素管理原则和技术作出了积极贡献。他还积极推动学科发展,组织编写《中国土壤氮素》等专著;在封丘建立肥料长期定位试验,为相关学科研究提供研究平台;积极参与和推动国际学术交流活动,提高我国土壤氮素研究在国际上的影响力。此外,朱兆良先生还立足专业针对如何治理我国农业面源污染和保障我国粮食安全问题,提出了对策和建议。
[Abstract]:Zhu Zhaoliang is a famous soil-plant nutritionist in China. One of the pioneers and academic leaders in the field of soil nitrogen transformation and farmland nitrogen management. He revolved around the problem of "increasing appetite for nitrogen fertilizer" in paddy field after the reform of cropping system in Taihu Lake area and blindly increased the amount of nitrogen fertilizer in striving for high yield of crops. The application of nitrogen fertilizer, Based on the quantitative analysis and study on the nitrogen supply capacity of paddy soil, a recommended method of combining the regional total amount control with the fine adjustment of the field was put forward. He devoted himself to the quantitative study on the direction of the nitrogen fertilizer in the farmland. For the first time, the utilization rate and loss rate of nitrogen fertilizer in farmland in China were estimated for the first time, and the relative proportion of different loss paths was estimated. The principles and techniques of nitrogen management, which coordinate agronomic and environmental effects, have made positive contributions. He has also actively promoted the development of the discipline, organized the compilation of monographs such as soil nitrogen in China, and set up long-term fertilizer positioning experiments in Fengqiu. To provide a research platform for related disciplines, to actively participate in and promote international academic exchanges, and to enhance the international influence of soil nitrogen research in China. Mr. Zhu Zhaoliang also puts forward countermeasures and suggestions on how to control agricultural non-point source pollution and ensure food security in China.
【作者单位】：南京农业大学中华农业文明研究院;
【基金】：中国科学技术协会“老科学家学术成长资料采集工程”项目(朱兆良小组:X0201400707)资助
【分类号】：S158.3;K826.3

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