石灰性紫色水稻土不同土壤深度中厌氧氨氧化细菌对施肥的响应

发布时间：2018-05-16 18:04

本文选题：长期定位施肥 + 石灰性紫色水稻土　；参考：《中国农业科学》2017年16期

【摘要】：【目的】研究长期不同施肥处理对水稻土厌氧氨氧化细菌(anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria,AAOB)群落结构和垂直分布特征的影响,深入认识不同施肥处理下石灰性紫色水稻土厌氧氨氧化作用的微生物调控机制,为该地区科学施肥、培肥地力提供理论依据。【方法】利用化学分析、末端限制性片段长度多态性分析(T-RFLP)和荧光定量PCR技术分别对不同施肥处理下石灰性紫色水稻土理化性质、厌氧氨氧化细菌丰度及群落结构进行分析。【结果】理化性质结果显示,相对于无肥处理(CK),氮(N)、氮磷钾肥(NPK)及氮磷钾配施农家肥(NPKM)均会降低土壤p H和硝态氮含量,而增加土壤有机质、全氮和铵态氮含量。随土壤深度增加,土壤p H增加,全氮和硝态氮含量降低,铵态氮含量变化趋势不明显。q PCR结果显示,就土壤层次而言,厌氧氨氧化细菌在0—20 cm层的丰度最高,20—40 cm层最低;就施肥处理而言,氮肥(N)对厌氧氨氧化细菌的丰度促进最为明显。T-RFLP结果表明,厌氧氨氧化细菌在0—20 cm土层群落组成最为丰富,Shannon-wiener多样性指数最高;寡氮肥下其群落组成最为简单,无肥处理下群落结构最为复杂。厌氧氨氧化细菌优势种群属于Candidatus Brocadia。冗余梯度分析(RDA)显示,p H影响是石灰性紫色水稻土厌氧氨氧化细菌群落结构差异的主要环境因子。【结论】本研究显示寡氮处理会降低石灰性紫色水稻土中厌氧氨氧化细菌的多样性但促进其丰度。表层土(0—20 cm)是厌氧氨氧化细菌分布的主要层次。
[Abstract]:[objective] to study the effects of different fertilization treatments on the community structure and vertical distribution of anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacterium AAOB in paddy soil. The microbial regulation mechanism of anaerobic ammonia oxidation in calcareous purple paddy soil under different fertilization treatments was deeply understood, which provided a theoretical basis for scientific fertilization and fertility. [methods] Chemical analysis was used. The physicochemical properties of calcareous purple paddy soils under different fertilization treatments were analyzed by terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (TRFLP) and fluorescence quantitative PCR. The abundance and community structure of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria were analyzed. [results] the physicochemical properties showed that compared with the treatments without fertilizer, the contents of soil pH and nitrate nitrogen were decreased compared with CK, N, N, P, K fertilizer (NPK) and N, P, K and NPKM. The contents of organic matter, total nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen were increased. With the increase of soil depth, soil pH increased, total nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen content decreased, and the change trend of ammonium nitrogen content was not obvious. Q PCR results showed that, as far as soil level was concerned, The highest abundance of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria in 0-20 cm layer was the lowest in 20-40 cm layer, and the effect of nitrogen fertilizer N) on the abundance of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was the most obvious. T-RFLP results showed that, The community composition of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria was the most abundant in 0-20 cm soil layer, the Shannon-wiener diversity index was the highest, the community composition was the simplest under oligonitrogen fertilizer, and the community structure was most complex under no fertilizer treatment. The dominant species of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria belong to Candidatus Brocadia. Redundancy gradient analysis (RDAA) showed that the effect of H was the main environmental factor for the difference of anaerobic ammonia-oxidizing bacteria community structure in calcareous purple paddy soil. [conclusion] this study shows that oligonitrogen treatment can reduce anaerobic activity in calcareous purple paddy soil. Ammonia oxidizes bacterial diversity but promotes its abundance. Surface soil (0-20 cm) is the main layer of anaerobic ammonia oxidation bacteria distribution.
【作者单位】：四川农业大学资源学院微生物系;四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金(41201256)
【分类号】：S147;S154.3

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