黄河三角洲典型区地下水动态及其与土壤盐渍化的关系
发布时间：2019-06-17 09:41
【摘要】：近年来,黄河三角洲土地盐碱化日趋严重。黄河三角洲发生土地盐碱化的地方,浅层地下水分布各异。浅层地下水中分布广泛的主要是咸水、卤水。目前土地盐碱化地区的浅层地下水还不具有作为水资源进行开发和利用的价值,至今还没有人对其进行系统化的研究。研究区域浅层地下水动态模拟对盐碱地治理和农业可持续发展具有很重要的理论和经济指导意义,在有效预测、调控地下水、控制土壤盐碱化等方面有非常重要的作用。在对黄河三角洲区域野外观测及调查的基础上,本文首先结合研究区域的降水、蒸发数据,对地下水时空动态进行了分析,并利用ARIMA模型,对地下水进行预测;其次,结合水文地质学等众多领域的专业知识,对黄河三角洲的地层构造、边界区域及地下水的补给排泄等进行了全面系统的分析,从而利用Visual Modflow对研究区进行地下水数值模拟,并对模型进一步求解、识别和验证;再次,利用Arc GIS中的协同卡里克插值法,分别对研究区域2003、2011年30-40cm土壤深度下的土壤含盐量进行了插值,获得了盐渍土的空间分布图,并对土壤盐渍化的动态特征进行分析。最后,通过点位与面状分析相结合,根据地下水模拟下的水位分布,明确地下水与土壤盐渍化之间必定存在的关系,并借助SPSS统计软件中的相关性分析模块,深入分析地下水动态与土壤盐渍化之间的相关性关系。通过回归分析模块,将地下水位与土壤盐渍化之间的关系定量化,从而得到二者之间的线性回归方程。基于二者之间的关系,对研究区域地下水提出一些管理措施,预防并减少土地盐渍化的发生。本论文的主要研究成果如下:(1)地下水位年际变化较大,年内水位变化主要表现为降-升-降的周期性变化,地下水位的升降趋势基本上与降水量分配及蒸发强度变化一致。(2)地下水模型水均衡项输出结果显示,降水是模拟区含水层最主要的补给项,占总补给量的85.26%;海水侧渗位居其次,仅占总量的11.09%。河流补给最少,占3.65%。在模拟区内的排泄项中,潜水蒸发是主要的一项,蒸发量较大,约为7.92×108m3,占总排泄项的97.43%。(3)黄河三角洲区域,盐渍化比较严重的土地主要位于低平地,低平地海拔般低于3.5m。盐渍化比较严重的地方,存在的主要植物有柽柳、翅碱蓬等耐盐性植物。河成高地、洼地与岗阶地之间的缓平地等,盐分表聚性较强,盐渍化程度较轻。(4)土壤30cm电导率与地下水之间极具相关性。根据地下水模拟及相关性分析,将研究区域划分为三个部分。对每一个分区进行时序数列的相关性分析,并通过线性拟合分析,得到每个分区的土壤30cm电导率与地下水位的线性拟合回归方程。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the salinization of land in the Yellow River Delta is becoming more and more serious. The distribution of shallow groundwater is different in the places where land salinization occurs in the Yellow River Delta. Salt water and brine are widely distributed in shallow groundwater. At present, the shallow groundwater in the salinized area of land is not valuable for the development and utilization of water resources, and no systematic research has been carried out on it up to now. The study of regional shallow groundwater dynamic simulation has very important theoretical and economic guiding significance for saline-alkali land treatment and sustainable development of agriculture, and plays a very important role in effective prediction, regulation of groundwater, control of soil salinization and so on. Based on the field observation and investigation of the Yellow River Delta region, this paper first analyzes the temporal and spatial dynamics of groundwater based on the precipitation and evaporation data of the study area, and forecasts the groundwater by using ARIMA model. Secondly, combined with the professional knowledge of hydrogeology and many other fields, the strata structure, boundary area and groundwater recharge and discharge in the Yellow River Delta are analyzed comprehensively and systematically, so that the groundwater numerical simulation is carried out by using Visual Modflow, and the model is further solved, identified and verified. Thirdly, the cooperative Carrick interpolation method in Arc GIS was used to interpolation the soil salt content under the depth of 30-40cm soil in 2003 and 2011 respectively, and the spatial distribution map of saline soil was obtained, and the dynamic characteristics of soil salinization were analyzed. Finally, through the combination of point and surface analysis, according to the water level distribution under groundwater simulation, the relationship between groundwater and soil salinization is clarified, and the correlation relationship between groundwater dynamics and soil salinization is deeply analyzed with the help of the correlation analysis module in SPSS statistical software. Through the regression analysis module, the relationship between groundwater level and soil salinization is quantified, and the linear regression equation between them is obtained. Based on the relationship between the two, some management measures for groundwater in the study area are put forward to prevent and reduce the occurrence of land salinization. The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) the interannual variation of groundwater level is large, and the variation of groundwater level is mainly periodic variation of decline, rise and fall, and the rising and falling trend of groundwater level is basically consistent with the distribution of precipitation and the change of evaporation intensity. (2) the output results of groundwater model water balance show that precipitation is the most important recharge item of aquifer in simulated area, accounting for 85.26% of the total recharge; Seawater side infiltration was the second, accounting for only 11.09% of the total. The river recharge is the least, accounting for 3.65%. Among the excretion items in the simulation area, submersible evaporation is the main one, the evaporation is about 7.92 脳 108m3, accounting for 97.43% of the total excretion. (3) in the Yellow River Delta region, the land with serious salinization is mainly located in the low flat land, and the altitude of the low plain land is lower than 3.5 m. In areas where salinization is serious, the main plants are Tamarix chinensis, Suaeda salsa and other salt-tolerant plants. The surface accumulation of salt is strong and the degree of salinization is light. (4) there is a great correlation between soil 30cm conductivity and groundwater. According to groundwater simulation and correlation analysis, the study area is divided into three parts. The correlation analysis of time series of each partition is carried out, and the linear fitting regression equation between soil 30cm conductivity and groundwater level in each partition is obtained by linear fitting analysis.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641;S156.4
本文编号：2500895
[Abstract]:In recent years, the salinization of land in the Yellow River Delta is becoming more and more serious. The distribution of shallow groundwater is different in the places where land salinization occurs in the Yellow River Delta. Salt water and brine are widely distributed in shallow groundwater. At present, the shallow groundwater in the salinized area of land is not valuable for the development and utilization of water resources, and no systematic research has been carried out on it up to now. The study of regional shallow groundwater dynamic simulation has very important theoretical and economic guiding significance for saline-alkali land treatment and sustainable development of agriculture, and plays a very important role in effective prediction, regulation of groundwater, control of soil salinization and so on. Based on the field observation and investigation of the Yellow River Delta region, this paper first analyzes the temporal and spatial dynamics of groundwater based on the precipitation and evaporation data of the study area, and forecasts the groundwater by using ARIMA model. Secondly, combined with the professional knowledge of hydrogeology and many other fields, the strata structure, boundary area and groundwater recharge and discharge in the Yellow River Delta are analyzed comprehensively and systematically, so that the groundwater numerical simulation is carried out by using Visual Modflow, and the model is further solved, identified and verified. Thirdly, the cooperative Carrick interpolation method in Arc GIS was used to interpolation the soil salt content under the depth of 30-40cm soil in 2003 and 2011 respectively, and the spatial distribution map of saline soil was obtained, and the dynamic characteristics of soil salinization were analyzed. Finally, through the combination of point and surface analysis, according to the water level distribution under groundwater simulation, the relationship between groundwater and soil salinization is clarified, and the correlation relationship between groundwater dynamics and soil salinization is deeply analyzed with the help of the correlation analysis module in SPSS statistical software. Through the regression analysis module, the relationship between groundwater level and soil salinization is quantified, and the linear regression equation between them is obtained. Based on the relationship between the two, some management measures for groundwater in the study area are put forward to prevent and reduce the occurrence of land salinization. The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) the interannual variation of groundwater level is large, and the variation of groundwater level is mainly periodic variation of decline, rise and fall, and the rising and falling trend of groundwater level is basically consistent with the distribution of precipitation and the change of evaporation intensity. (2) the output results of groundwater model water balance show that precipitation is the most important recharge item of aquifer in simulated area, accounting for 85.26% of the total recharge; Seawater side infiltration was the second, accounting for only 11.09% of the total. The river recharge is the least, accounting for 3.65%. Among the excretion items in the simulation area, submersible evaporation is the main one, the evaporation is about 7.92 脳 108m3, accounting for 97.43% of the total excretion. (3) in the Yellow River Delta region, the land with serious salinization is mainly located in the low flat land, and the altitude of the low plain land is lower than 3.5 m. In areas where salinization is serious, the main plants are Tamarix chinensis, Suaeda salsa and other salt-tolerant plants. The surface accumulation of salt is strong and the degree of salinization is light. (4) there is a great correlation between soil 30cm conductivity and groundwater. According to groundwater simulation and correlation analysis, the study area is divided into three parts. The correlation analysis of time series of each partition is carried out, and the linear fitting regression equation between soil 30cm conductivity and groundwater level in each partition is obtained by linear fitting analysis.
【学位授予单位】：济南大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：P641;S156.4
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前1条
1 马驰;石辉;卢玉东;;MODFLOW在西北地区地下水资源评价中的应用——以甘肃西华水源地地下水数值模拟计算为例[J];干旱区资源与环境;2006年02期
，本文编号：2500895
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