基于机器视觉的辣椒等级分选研究

发布时间：2019-04-18 16:41

【摘要】：中国作为世界第一的鲜辣椒生产大国,辣椒加工生产的机械有收获机、清洗机、色选机、去核机以及去把机,然而对辣椒分级的机械还是空白。辣椒等级分选机是利用机器视觉对辣椒的大小和病残识别进行分选,将辣椒分为大中小三个等级,并且剔除病残辣椒。为了实现辣椒等级分选的机械自动化,本文提出一种基于机器视觉的辣椒等级分选机械方案,完成对辣椒的分选。研究内容如下：(1)通过研究辣椒的外形大小和物理特性,得出辣椒的外观参数为辣椒的果长和宽度,确定了辣椒分级的评定指标为辣椒分选合格率和辣椒分选效率。(2)通过机器视觉研究辣椒的外观大小,提出了基于最小外接矩形的算法求出辣椒的大小,识别的正确率为95%,能够满足分选生产的要求。选择RGB和HSI颜色模型对辣椒的外观缺陷进行检测识别。(3)根据辣椒的外形大小和实际要求对辣椒等级分选试验平台进行了整体方案的设计,介绍了试验平台的三个部分的机构原理和设计参数,对整机进行了干涉仿真,保证了试验平台的可靠性。(4)通过制造整机并对其参数进行单因素试验和二次正交旋转回归试验,得到了辣椒分选机构输送带的输送速度与倾斜角度最佳参数组合。
[Abstract]:As the world's first fresh pepper production country, the machine for processing the hot pepper has a harvester, a cleaning machine, a color sorter, an enucleating machine and a de-centering machine. Hot pepper and other fractions are selected by the machine vision to identify the size of the pepper and the identification of the disease, and the hot pepper is divided into three levels of large and small, and the red pepper is removed. In order to realize the mechanical automation of the extraction of such fractions, a mechanical scheme based on the machine vision was proposed in this paper to complete the separation of the hot pepper. The results of the study are as follows: (1) By studying the shape and physical characteristics of the pepper, it is concluded that the appearance parameter of the pepper is the fruit length and the width of the pepper, and the evaluation index of the classification of the pepper is determined as the yield of the hot pepper and the efficiency of the separation of the hot pepper. (2) The appearance and size of the pepper are studied by machine vision, and a minimum circumscribed rectangle algorithm is proposed to determine the size of the pepper. The correct rate of identification is 95%, which can meet the requirements of the separation and production. And the color model of the RGB and the HSI is selected to detect the appearance defect of the pepper. (3) According to the shape and size of the pepper and the actual requirement, the experiment platform of the grade of the hot pepper is designed, the mechanism principle and the design parameters of the three parts of the test platform are introduced, and the interference simulation of the whole machine is carried out, and the reliability of the test platform is ensured. And (4) carrying out single factor test and secondary orthogonal rotation regression test on the parameters of the whole machine, and obtaining the optimal parameter combination of the conveying speed and the inclination angle of the conveying belt of the pepper sorting mechanism.
【学位授予单位】：湖南农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TP391.41;S641.3

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