自动跟踪太阳光的采光照明系统

发布时间：2018-01-12 04:12

本文关键词：自动跟踪太阳光的采光照明系统　出处：《冶金自动化研究设计院》2013年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：太阳能具有绿色环保、可持续利用等优点,在解决传统能源危机中,太阳能利用是各国竞相开发和研究的热点。照明能耗是建筑能耗较多的一项,占建筑能耗的30%左右。如果能将外界清洁、健康的太阳光线引入到室内阴暗的地方,不仅能大大减少照明能耗,而且让人足不出户就能沐浴在纯净天然的阳光之下,无疑对人们身心健康都有好处。研究表明,对太阳光线运动的跟踪与非跟踪,太阳能设备能量的接受率相差37.7%,因此采用太阳跟踪控制系统来提高太阳光照明系统的效率成为人们研究的热点。欧盟已将近十年太阳能供暖研究和发展预算的85%转向了日光照明技术的研究,但是我国在这方面的研究还处于起步阶段。本文是在对目前国内外太阳跟踪器原理研究的基础上,开发了一套跟踪太阳光的采光照明系统,该系统按太阳高度角和方位角分别控制调节控制系统跟踪轴,采用PLC计算发出脉冲,控制步进电机的转动角度,实现对太阳的自动跟踪。论文基于太阳位置计算模型,采用矢量分析法建立了视日运动轨迹跟踪方式双轴太阳跟踪运动控制方程,分析了其运动特性,对间歇跟踪控制方法进行了系统的理论研究和仿真。系统硬件方面,主要选用西门子公司S7-200系列PLC作为核心控制器,选用两台86BYG250GS型步进电机及SD20806步进电机驱动器。系统软件方面,在STEP7-Micro/WIN32编程软件平台上完成了系统的主程序模块、太阳角度计算模块、步进电机脉冲控制模块以及其他相关功能模块的软件设计工作。最后,对软硬件进行调试,实现了最初的设计构想,证实本文设计的跟踪控制系统的研究思路、控制方法、软硬件设计均是确实可行的。系统具有结构简单、运行平稳、跟踪精度高、稳定性高等特点。
[Abstract]:Solar energy has the advantages of green environmental protection, sustainable utilization, in the process of solving the traditional energy crisis, solar energy utilization is a hot spot in the research and development of countries. It is a lighting energy consumption of building energy consumption of building energy consumption, accounted for about 30%. If the outside clean, healthy sunlight into the interior dark place, not only can greatly reduce the energy consumption of lighting, and let people enjoy under the pure sunshine, no doubt is good for people's physical and mental health. The study shows that the tracker of solar light, solar energy equipment acceptance rate is 37.7%, so the solar tracking control system to improve the efficiency of solar illumination system becomes the focus of research. The EU has nearly ten years of solar energy research and development budget of 85% to the study of fluorescent lighting technology, but in China The research in this area is still in its infancy.
This is the basic principle of domestic and foreign solar tracker, lighting system developed a set of tracking the sun, the system according to the solar altitude and azimuth respectively control the control system tracking axis, calculated by PLC pulsed control rotation angle of stepping motor, realize the automatic tracking of the sun.
Based on the solar position calculation model, vector control method is used to establish the tracking control mode of the dual axis sun tracking system. The motion characteristics are analyzed, and the intermittent tracking control method is systematically studied and simulated.
The hardware of the system, mainly uses the SIEMENS S7-200 series PLC as the core controller, uses two 86BYG250GS type stepper motor and stepper motor drive SD20806. The software, the main program module of the system in the STEP7-Micro/WIN32 software platform, module to calculate the angle of the sun, step motor pulse control module and other module the software design work.
Finally, debug the software and hardware, and achieve the initial design concept. It confirms that the research ideas, control methods, software and hardware design of tracking control system designed in this paper are indeed feasible. The system has the characteristics of simple structure, smooth operation, high tracking accuracy and high stability.

【学位授予单位】：冶金自动化研究设计院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU113.66;TK513.4

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