木构古建筑的结构性能研究与分析

发布时间：2018-05-18 04:49

本文选题：木构古建筑 + 结构构造　；参考：《太原理工大学》2013年硕士论文

【摘要】：建筑是民族文化的有形载体,是一门精彩绝伦的艺术,灿烂夺目的中国古代建筑是世界建筑体系中的一颗璀璨的明珠,是中华民族五千年灿烂文化的历史缩影,是我国古代劳动人民努力和智慧的结晶。而中国木构建筑以其特有的建筑结构体系,几千年来,推陈出新,逐渐形成了我国独特的建筑结构体系,成为东方建筑文化乃至世界文化的代表。同时,中国古代建筑体系是我国古代文明中最具代表性的一页,现在保存的古代遗址遗迹都有极其宝贵的历史文化价值、艺术价值及科学研究价值,因而对我国古代建筑结构体系特征及其抗震性能的研究具有重要现实意义。但是,随着岁月的流逝,人为及环境的对木结构古建筑的破坏也越来越严重,作为一名热爱祖国的中国人,我们有义务和责任去保护木结构古建筑,因此,保护、补强和修缮古建筑也迫在眉睫。本文以现有的木构古建筑为基础,对我国木构古建筑的结构性能展开研究与讨论。通过对木构建筑的结构构造分析,同时利用大型有限元软件SAP2000对木建筑的各项性能进行数值模拟,主要做了以下几方面工作： (1)针对我国古建筑,总结前人的研究成果,初步概述了古代建筑的发展、特点及国内外研究现状,同时重点阐述了研究木构建筑的意义； (2)简单分析了我国古代建筑使用木材的原因,根据现有理论知识,分析了作为古建筑材料——木材的材料特点及基本特性,为了更好的研究材料的特性,进行了木材的力学性能试验,重点讲述了木材抗弯弹性模量及抗弯强度的试验全过程,并初步得到木材的力学特性； (3)从结构的构造出发,分析了我国古代木结构的构造特性,结构构件的作用与存在意义,重点探讨了卯榫、斗棋等结构构造对结构性能及抗震减震特性的影响； (4)根据现有理论及实例数据,进行结构性能的有限元分析,初步分析了结构的动力特性,得到了结构合理自振频率及结构振型,为以后的研究分析奠定了基础； (5)考虑到木构架结构的特点,对结构进行风荷载及地震作用(振型分解反应谱法)下的影响分析,得到结构的最大层间位移差及位移角,且由于结构自重较轻,自振周期较大,地震作用影响较小,结构以风荷载作用为主。建议以后分析木构古建筑时,重点注意风荷载的影响。在此基础上继续对木构古建筑的结构性能进行动力时程分析,重点分析了结构的明层在三条不同的地震波作用下的响应,得到结构的薄弱层为第三层的可靠结论,且结构在动力荷载作用下层间位移变形及最大位移角符合要求,结构基本完好。
[Abstract]:Architecture is a tangible carrier of national culture and a splendid art. The splendid ancient Chinese architecture is a bright pearl in the world architecture system and a historical epitome of the splendid culture of the Chinese nation for 5,000 years. It is the crystallization of the efforts and wisdom of the laboring people in ancient China. With its unique architectural structure system, Chinese wooden architecture has gradually formed a unique architectural structure system of our country for thousands of years, and has become the representative of oriental architectural culture and even the world culture. At the same time, the ancient Chinese architectural system is the most representative of the ancient civilization in China. The ancient ruins and relics preserved now have extremely valuable historical and cultural value, artistic value and scientific research value. Therefore, it is of great practical significance to study the characteristics and seismic behavior of ancient building structures in China. However, with the passage of time, man-made and environmental damage to the ancient wooden structure is becoming more and more serious. As a Chinese who loves the motherland, we have the duty and responsibility to protect the ancient wooden structure, therefore, to protect, It is also urgent to strengthen and repair ancient buildings. Based on the existing ancient wooden architecture, this paper studies and discusses the structural performance of the ancient wooden architecture in China. By analyzing the structure of wood structure and using the finite element software SAP2000 to simulate the performance of wood building, the main work is as follows: 1) in view of the ancient architecture of our country, summarizes the previous research achievements, summarizes the development, the characteristic and the domestic and foreign research present situation of the ancient architecture, at the same time emphatically expounds the significance of the study of the wood structure building; In this paper, the reasons for the use of wood in ancient buildings in China are briefly analyzed. According to the existing theoretical knowledge, the characteristics and basic characteristics of wood as an ancient building material are analyzed, in order to study the characteristics of materials better. The mechanical properties of wood were tested, and the whole process of bending modulus of elasticity and flexural strength of wood was described, and the mechanical properties of wood were preliminarily obtained. Starting from the structure of the structure, this paper analyzes the structural characteristics of the ancient wood structure in China, the function and the existing significance of the structural members, and emphatically discusses the influence of the structural structures such as tenon and dou Qi on the structural performance and seismic shock absorption characteristics. (4) based on the existing theory and practical data, the finite element analysis of the structure performance is carried out, and the dynamic characteristics of the structure are preliminarily analyzed, and the reasonable natural vibration frequency and the structural mode are obtained, which lays a foundation for the future research and analysis. 5) considering the characteristics of wood frame structure, the influence of wind load and seismic action (mode decomposition response spectrum method) on the structure is analyzed, and the maximum displacement difference and displacement angle of the structure are obtained. Because of the light weight of the structure, the natural vibration period is large. The effect of earthquake is small, and the wind load is the main action of the structure. It is suggested that attention should be paid to the influence of wind load on the analysis of ancient wooden buildings. On this basis, the dynamic time history analysis of the structural performance of the ancient wooden building is carried out, and the response of the open layer of the structure under the action of three different seismic waves is emphatically analyzed, and the reliable conclusion that the weak layer of the structure is the third layer is obtained. The displacement deformation and the maximum displacement angle of the structure under the dynamic load meet the requirements, and the structure is basically intact.
【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU366.2

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