臭氧与活性炭深度处理长江原水试验研究

发布时间：2018-12-12 08:05

【摘要】：随着水源污染的加剧和饮用水水质标准的提高，常规处理工艺已难以满足人们对饮用水水质的要求，饮用水深度处理技术日益受到重视。臭氧与活性炭作为饮用水深度处理的重要手段，在国外的应用已比较成熟。由于我国地域广阔，水质多变，臭氧与活性炭技术在运行中必然存在很多问题，如在活性炭前是否加设臭氧，臭氧投加点和投加量确定等问题。论文以长江上游原水为研究对象，分别考察预处理工艺、臭氧与活性炭深度处理工艺的净水效果，以此来提高出厂水水质，为长江上游原水臭氧与活性炭实际应用提供数据参考。小试试验分别研究了粉末活性炭吸附、高锰酸钾、臭氧预氧化三种预处理工艺对常规处理工艺去除效果的影响，结果表明：三种预处理工艺均能显著提高常规处理工艺对有机物的去除效果，但对浊度的去除影响较小。常规处理工艺对COD_(Mn)、UV_(254)的去除率分别为24.87%、19.48%。当分别投加20mg/L粉末炭、2mg/L高锰酸钾或1.0mg/L臭氧进行预处理后，沉后水COD_(Mn)去除率分别增加至34.71%、31.18%、28.81%，UV_(254)去除率分别增加至34.31%、27.50%、30.06%。采用臭氧-活性炭及活性炭对滤后水进行深度处理试验研究，试验结果表明：两种深度处理工艺均能有效的去除有机污染物，臭氧-活性炭对有机物的去除效果更好，臭氧最佳投加量为2.0mg/L。当臭氧投加量为2mg/L时，臭氧活性炭出水COD_(Mn)平均浓度为0.626mg/L，UV_(254)平均为0.113cm~(-1)。与滤后水相比，，臭氧-活性炭工艺对COD_(Mn)、UV_(254)去除率分别增加了27.49%、48.63%，活性炭工艺对COD_(Mn)、UV_(254)去除率分别增加了20.1%、42.95%。模拟长江原水受到苯酚污染，采用预处理和深度处理工艺去除微量有机污染物苯酚。试验结果表明：三种预处理工艺均能提高常规处理工艺对苯酚的去除效果，其中以臭氧预氧化提高尤为明显，在预臭氧投加量为1.0mg/L时，苯酚的去除率可达到56.20%。在常规处理后采用臭氧-活性炭和活性炭深度处理工艺能有效的去除苯酚，当原水苯酚浓度为0.01mg/L时，两种深度处理工艺出水水质均能达标。当原水中苯酚浓度为0.05mg/L时，采用臭氧-活性炭深度处理工艺能使出水达标。针对长江原水水质，臭氧作为预处理工艺时，最佳投加量为1.0mg/L，当采用臭氧-活性炭深度处理时，臭氧最佳投加量为2.0mg/L。臭氧-活性炭联用时，是臭氧氧化、活性炭吸附和生物降解协同作用，相互促进，达到水质净化的效果。
[Abstract]:With the intensification of water pollution and the improvement of drinking water quality standards, the conventional treatment process has been difficult to meet the requirements of drinking water quality, drinking water advanced treatment technology has been paid more and more attention. Ozone and activated carbon, as important means of advanced treatment of drinking water, have been widely used abroad. Because of the vast area and changeable water quality in our country, there must be many problems in the operation of ozone and activated carbon technology, such as whether to add ozone before activated carbon, the point of adding ozone and the determination of dosage, etc. Taking the raw water in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as the research object, the paper investigates the water purification effect of pretreatment process, ozone and activated carbon advanced treatment process respectively, so as to improve the water quality of the factory water. It provides data reference for the application of ozone and activated carbon in raw water of the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. The effects of three pretreatment processes, I. e., adsorption of powdered activated carbon, potassium permanganate and ozone preoxidation, on the removal efficiency of conventional treatment process were studied in a small scale experiment. The results showed that the three pretreatment processes could significantly improve the removal efficiency of organic matter, but had little effect on turbidity removal. The removal rate of COD_ (Mn), UV_ (254) by conventional treatment process was 24.87 and 19.48 respectively. After pretreatment with 20mg/L powder carbon, 2mg/L potassium permanganate or 1.0mg/L ozone, the COD_ (Mn) removal rate of water increased to 34.71%, 31.18% and 28.81%, respectively. The removal rate of UV_ (254) was increased to 34.31% and 27.50%, respectively. The advanced treatment of filtered water with ozone activated carbon and activated carbon was studied. The experimental results showed that the two advanced treatment processes could effectively remove organic pollutants, and the removal effect of ozone activated carbon was better than that of ozone activated carbon. The best dosage of ozone is 2.0 mg / L. When the ozone dosage is 2mg/L, the average concentration of COD_ (Mn) in the effluent of ozone activated carbon is 0.626 mg / L UV254, and the average concentration is 0.113 cm ~ (-1). Compared with filtered water, the removal rate of COD_ (Mn), UV_ (254) by ozonic-activated carbon process increased by 27.49% and 48.63%, respectively, and the removal rate of COD_ (Mn), UV_ (254) by activated carbon process increased by 20.1%, respectively. 42.95. Phenol pollution was simulated in the raw water of the Yangtze River, and phenol was removed by pretreatment and advanced treatment. The results showed that the removal efficiency of phenol could be improved by the three pretreatment processes, especially by ozone pre-oxidation. The removal rate of phenol could reach 56.20 when the amount of pre-ozonation was 1.0mg/L. After conventional treatment, ozone activated carbon and activated carbon advanced treatment process can effectively remove phenol. When the concentration of phenol in raw water is 0.01mg/L, the effluent quality of the two advanced treatment processes can reach the standard. When the concentration of phenol in raw water is 0.05mg/L, the advanced treatment process of ozone and activated carbon can make the water reach the standard. When ozone is used as pretreatment process, the optimal dosage of ozone is 1.0 mg / L, and the optimal dosage of ozone is 2.0 mg / L when advanced treatment of ozone and activated carbon is used. The combined use of ozone and activated carbon is a synergistic effect of ozone oxidation, activated carbon adsorption and biodegradation to achieve the effect of water purification.
【学位授予单位】：重庆大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU991.2

【相似文献】