西安某高层剪力墙住宅的结构优化研究

发布时间：2019-01-22 09:14

【摘要】：剪力墙结构是通过墙体来承担竖向荷载和抵御侧向力的结构体系。其墙体横截面面积较大，竖向承载力要求相对容易满足；其结构整体刚度大,侧向变形小，可以较好满足抗震抗风要求；同时可以节约建筑物内部空间，增大实际使用面积，故此，剪力墙结构在高层住宅中的应用越来越广泛。随着结构形式的日趋复杂和抗震要求的不断提高，在高层剪力墙结构设计过程中，结构抗震性能的优劣和结构设计方案的优化，一直是设计人员关心的重要问题。同一工程不同的人来设计，其设计方案不同，抗震性能不同，土建造价也可能差别很大，有时会造成不必要的浪费，对此需要进行深入细致的研究。本文探讨了国内外高层建筑结构的基本类型和发展过程。研究了剪力墙结构的各种形式和力学特点。对西安某高层住宅建筑进行了结构设计。设计了三个版本的结构方案：第一版方案是短肢剪力墙结构，第二版、第三版方案是不同的普通剪力墙结构，并对三版方案进行了详细的结构计算分析。通过三版设计方案的计算结果和具体表格或曲线图的直观描述，以及对几个主要参数：自振周期、顶点位移、最大层间位移角、轴压比、层间剪力、层间弯矩等的分析和对比，探讨了不同方案的可行性、合理性和优缺点，分析找出最优方案。本文采用了我国设计院普遍采用的有限元分析软件SATWE，对短肢剪力墙结构、一般剪力墙结构等实际工程设计方案进行建模和计算分析，总结规律，提出设计建议，得出了一些结论：①在高烈度震区，短肢剪力墙数量需要优化，布设过多会导致结构抗震性能变差。②普通剪力墙经过多次数量和位置的优化，可更好地满足结构抗震要求。③优化后的剪力墙结构，形式合理，刚度适中，建筑材料利用充分，，是高层住宅建筑比较理想的结构形式。
[Abstract]:Shear wall structure is a structure system which can bear vertical load and resist lateral force through wall. The cross section area of the wall is large, the vertical bearing capacity is relatively easy to meet, the overall stiffness of the structure is large and the lateral deformation is small, so it can better meet the requirements of seismic and wind resistance. At the same time, it can save the inner space of the building and increase the practical area. Therefore, the shear wall structure is more and more widely used in the high-rise residence. With the increasing complexity of structural forms and the continuous improvement of seismic requirements, in the design process of high-rise shear wall structures, the merits and demerits of structural seismic performance and the optimization of structural design schemes have always been an important issue of concern to designers. Different people design the same project, its design scheme is different, the seismic performance is different, the civil construction cost may also be very different, sometimes will cause unnecessary waste, need to be studied in depth and meticulous. This paper discusses the basic types and development process of high-rise building structures at home and abroad. Various forms and mechanical characteristics of shear wall structures are studied. The structure of a high-rise residential building in Xi'an is designed. Three versions of the structure scheme are designed: the first version is the short leg shear wall structure, the second edition and the third edition are different common shear wall structures, and the third edition is calculated and analyzed in detail. Through the calculation results of the design plan of the third edition and the visual description of concrete tables or graphs, and the analysis and comparison of several main parameters: natural vibration period, vertex displacement, maximum interstory displacement angle, axial compression ratio, interstory shear force, interstory bending moment, etc. The feasibility, rationality, advantages and disadvantages of different schemes are discussed. In this paper, the finite element analysis software SATWE, which is widely used in our country's design institute, is used to model and calculate the short leg shear wall structure and the general shear wall structure, summarize the rules, and put forward some design suggestions. Some conclusions are drawn as follows: 1 in the high intensity seismic region, the number of short-leg shear walls needs to be optimized, and too much placement will lead to the deterioration of seismic performance of structures. The optimized shear wall structure has the advantages of reasonable form, moderate stiffness and full use of building materials, which is an ideal structural form for high-rise residential buildings.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：TU973.16

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