都市农业与中国城市生态节地策略
发布时间：2019-03-11 13:02
【摘要】：都市农业是一项在近几十年来才开始引起人们重视的社会活动。世界粮食与农业组织（FAO）将都市农业定义为在大城市内或周边，利用城市间隙进行耕种和养殖等农业活动，为城市提供新鲜农产品，具有生态、休闲、旅游等功能的现代农业。都市农业的发展经历了三个阶段，第一阶段是1919年至1959年在德国、俄国、日本的发展萌芽。第二阶段是1959年至1996年的全球发展热潮，这一阶段发展都市农业国家的目的包括：延续都市农业传统；依靠都市农业补充耕地；应用都市农业应对城市贫民食品短缺。第三阶段是1996年至2010年的都市农业高水平发展，各国根据国情采取的发展方式包括：农业可持续性研究；应用都市农业进行生态城市建设；以及垂直种植研究。都市农业从社会作用的角度可以分为家庭型、经济型、生态型，按照农业规模可以分为农园型、插花型、垂直种植，功能包括生产、生态平衡、城市景观、社会经济、文化教育、休闲娱乐。国外对于都市农业的促进政策包括法律法规、经济鼓励、宣传教育、以及城市设计。 我国目前还没有真正意义上的都市农业，本文借鉴国外都市农业发展研究的经验，结合我国国情，提出中国城市都市农业生态节地策略：打破城乡绝对分野、树立绿化新理念、开拓种植面积、构建都市农业生态循环系统，并以“零占地”方案探讨都市农业生态节地策略的可行性。都市农业与我国城市生态模式研究具有生态经济意义、社会意义、城市功能结构意义、以及学科意义。 本研究的创新之处在于：1．跨学科的创新型研究；2．明确提出都市农业与中国城市生态节地策略，为中国城市生态节地指明方向；3．理论联系实际，提出都市农业应用于居住区的规划方案；4．采用多种关注角度及研究方式。文章的最后展望都市农业的发展前景，提出都市农业与城市规划相结合，，建设新型农业生态城市的发展方向。
[Abstract]:Urban agriculture is a social activity that has attracted people's attention only in recent decades. The World Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) defines urban agriculture as agricultural activities such as farming and farming in or around large cities, using urban gaps to provide fresh agricultural products for cities, ecological and leisure. Modern agriculture with functions such as tourism. The development of urban agriculture went through three stages, the first stage was the embryonic development of Germany, Russia and Japan from 1919 to 1959. The second stage is a global development boom from 1959 to 1996. The objectives of the development of urban agriculture include: to continue the tradition of urban agriculture; to rely on urban agriculture to replenish cultivated land; and to apply urban agriculture to deal with the food shortage of the urban poor. The third stage is the high-level development of urban agriculture from 1996 to 2010. According to the national conditions, the development modes adopted by various countries include: agricultural sustainability research; eco-city construction using urban agriculture; and vertical planting research. From the angle of social function, urban agriculture can be divided into family type, economic type and ecological type. According to the agricultural scale, it can be divided into agricultural garden type, flower arrangement type, vertical planting, function including production, ecological balance, urban landscape, social economy. Culture and education, leisure and entertainment. Foreign policies to promote urban agriculture include laws and regulations, economic incentives, publicity and education, and urban design. At present, there is no real sense of urban agriculture in our country. In this paper, we draw lessons from the experience of foreign urban agricultural development research, combined with the national conditions of our country, put forward the strategy of urban agricultural ecological conservation in China: break the absolute distinction between urban and rural areas and set up a new concept of greening. Open up the planting area, construct the urban agroecological circulation system, and discuss the feasibility of the strategy of urban agroecological land conservation with the plan of "zero land occupation". The study of urban agriculture and urban ecological model in China has ecological economic significance, social significance, urban functional structure significance, as well as disciplinary significance. The innovation of this study is as follows: 1. Innovative research across disciplines; 2. Clearly put forward the strategies of urban agriculture and urban eco-festival in China, and point out the direction of urban ecologicality in China; 3. Combining theory with practice, putting forward the planning scheme of urban agriculture applied in residential area; 4. Adopting various angles of concern and research methods. Finally, the development prospect of urban agriculture is prospected, and the development direction of constructing a new type of agricultural eco-city by combining urban agriculture with urban planning is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F323.4;TU984.113
本文编号：2438303
[Abstract]:Urban agriculture is a social activity that has attracted people's attention only in recent decades. The World Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) defines urban agriculture as agricultural activities such as farming and farming in or around large cities, using urban gaps to provide fresh agricultural products for cities, ecological and leisure. Modern agriculture with functions such as tourism. The development of urban agriculture went through three stages, the first stage was the embryonic development of Germany, Russia and Japan from 1919 to 1959. The second stage is a global development boom from 1959 to 1996. The objectives of the development of urban agriculture include: to continue the tradition of urban agriculture; to rely on urban agriculture to replenish cultivated land; and to apply urban agriculture to deal with the food shortage of the urban poor. The third stage is the high-level development of urban agriculture from 1996 to 2010. According to the national conditions, the development modes adopted by various countries include: agricultural sustainability research; eco-city construction using urban agriculture; and vertical planting research. From the angle of social function, urban agriculture can be divided into family type, economic type and ecological type. According to the agricultural scale, it can be divided into agricultural garden type, flower arrangement type, vertical planting, function including production, ecological balance, urban landscape, social economy. Culture and education, leisure and entertainment. Foreign policies to promote urban agriculture include laws and regulations, economic incentives, publicity and education, and urban design. At present, there is no real sense of urban agriculture in our country. In this paper, we draw lessons from the experience of foreign urban agricultural development research, combined with the national conditions of our country, put forward the strategy of urban agricultural ecological conservation in China: break the absolute distinction between urban and rural areas and set up a new concept of greening. Open up the planting area, construct the urban agroecological circulation system, and discuss the feasibility of the strategy of urban agroecological land conservation with the plan of "zero land occupation". The study of urban agriculture and urban ecological model in China has ecological economic significance, social significance, urban functional structure significance, as well as disciplinary significance. The innovation of this study is as follows: 1. Innovative research across disciplines; 2. Clearly put forward the strategies of urban agriculture and urban eco-festival in China, and point out the direction of urban ecologicality in China; 3. Combining theory with practice, putting forward the planning scheme of urban agriculture applied in residential area; 4. Adopting various angles of concern and research methods. Finally, the development prospect of urban agriculture is prospected, and the development direction of constructing a new type of agricultural eco-city by combining urban agriculture with urban planning is put forward.
【学位授予单位】：天津大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2013
【分类号】：F323.4;TU984.113
【参考文献】
相关期刊论文 前3条
1 ;日本的都市农业[J];北京农业;2008年04期
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3 倪景涛,李建军;荷兰现代农业发展的成功经验及其对我国的启示[J];学术论坛;2005年10期
本文编号：2438303
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