管式加热炉的一些关键问题的分析研究

发布时间：2018-04-20 08:15

本文选题：加热炉 + 大开孔　；参考：《北京化工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：管式加热炉作为炼油厂及石油化工厂的重要运行设备,能够利用燃料在炉膛当中燃烧所生成的高温火焰及烟气作为热源,对管路里面的流动油品进行加热,从而达到工艺温度标准,为原油或者是油品的分馏、裂解以及反应等提供热量支持,确保生产可以进行下去。由于加热炉的工作环境比较特殊,如高温、高压及腐蚀性环境,所以其结构的设计安全尤为重要。目前国内的加热炉结构设计基本依靠传统设计方法,主要依靠常用的理论以及经验公式来确定结构参数,由于现代设计手段匮乏,设计方法保守,导致效率低下,且成本较高。本论文以工程实践为例,就四个典型问题,开展以下力学分析：(1)采用有限元法,对烟囱大开孔的两种补强结构进行应力分析。结果表明,在限制变形方面,在开孔两侧竖直布置两根角钢,同时在接管四周布置加强筋的结构要明显优于仅在开孔两侧竖直布置两根T型钢的结构。(2)通过三维结构分析法以及STAAD.Pro完成对加热炉结构模型的构建工作,并借助结构软件分析来获得各个结构应力和内力。相对于传统结构,优化后的结构符合刚度和强度的需求。安装简单快捷,而且能够有效保证工程质量水平。具有良好的等强度,抗震性能较为突出。(3)采用有限元法,对传统炉管吊钩和新型吊钩结构进行应力分析。相对于传统吊钩,优化后的吊钩符合相关标准的承压需求。较传统结构更加省材,且高应力区域明显减少。(4)将SCR脱硝系统经改造引进到加热炉设备中,通过对SCR反应器及出入口烟道内烟气流动过程进行CFD模拟计算,获得了烟气流动及NH3浓度分布的详细信息,从而选出最优化的烟道形式。
[Abstract]:As an important operating equipment in the refinery and petrochemical plant, the tubular reheating furnace can use the high temperature flame and flue gas generated by the combustion of fuel in the furnace as the heat source to heat the flowing oil in the pipeline, thus reaching the standard of the process temperature, providing the heat support for the fractionation, cracking and reaction of the crude oil or the oil. To ensure that the production can go on. Because the working environment of the heating furnace is very special, such as high temperature, high pressure and corrosive environment, the design safety of its structure is particularly important. This paper takes engineering practice as an example to carry out the following mechanical analysis on four typical problems: (1) the finite element method is used to analyze the stress of the two reinforcing structures of the large open hole of the chimney. Two angle steel, at the same time the structure of reinforcing bars around the nozzle, is obviously better than the structure of two T steel on both sides of the hole. (2) the construction of the structure model of the heating furnace is completed by the three-dimensional structural analysis and STAAD.Pro, and the structural stress and internal force are obtained with the aid of the structural software analysis. Structure, the optimized structure conforms to the demand of stiffness and strength. The installation is simple and quick, and it can effectively guarantee the quality of the engineering. It has good equal strength and strong seismic performance. (3) the finite element method is used to analyze the stress analysis of the traditional pipe hook and new hook structure. The standard pressure demand is more economical than the traditional structure, and the high stress area is obviously reduced. (4) the SCR denitrification system is introduced into the heating furnace equipment. The detailed information of the flue gas flow and the distribution of NH3 concentration is obtained by CFD simulation calculation of the flue gas flow process in the SCR reactor and the inlet flue. The form of the flue.

【学位授予单位】：北京化工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TE963

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