大型压缩机密封技术应用与研究

发布时间：2018-09-09 19:07

【摘要】：流体密封技术在当前的石化行业范围内应用的十分普遍,石化行业生产、输送的介质大都具有高温高压、易燃易爆、有毒有害的性质,一旦泄漏至大气环境中,不仅浪费物料、造成装置停车,给企业带来经济损失,还会危害大气环境及人身生命安全。由此可见,密封的安全平稳运行极为重要。研究流体密封技术,对石化行业机泵的平稳有效运转具有十分积极的意义,尤其对大型关键压缩机组的平稳运行起着极其重要的作用。本文针对催化装置富气压缩机和重油加氢装置循环氢气压缩机,在密封应用过程中出现的问题,通过密封解体分析及相关理论计算,进行了以下两方面的研究和改造：(1)催化装置富气压缩机的充气式迷宫密封进行了改造,催化装置富气压缩机最初使用简单的充气式迷宫密封,该套密封使用效果不佳,在机组运行半年后就会出现密封泄漏迹象,检查发现迷宫密封部件损坏,因此机组无法按照公司要求实现长周期运行。本文通过研究改造,在原密封的基础上增加抽气设施,保证了密封安全平稳使用,实现了该机组的长周期运转。(2)文中针对重油加氢装置的循环氢气压缩机浮环密封出现过的问题,在分析密封浮环受力的基础上,对浮环密封进行静力性计算,找出浮环密封损坏失效的影响因素。针对这些因素,进行对比分析,找出其中切实可行且经济效益和安全效益可观的改造方法,对密封进行相应改造。改造后的密封通过多次的使用验证,达到了预期效果。
[Abstract]:Fluid sealing technology is widely used in the petrochemical industry at present. Most of the medium produced and transported in petrochemical industry has the properties of high temperature and pressure, flammable and explosive, toxic and harmful. Once leaking into the atmosphere, it is not only a waste of material, It causes device parking, brings economic loss to enterprises, and endangers atmospheric environment and personal life safety. Thus, the safety and smooth operation of the seal is extremely important. The study of fluid sealing technology is of great significance to the smooth and effective operation of the pump in petrochemical industry, especially to the smooth operation of large key compressor units. In this paper, according to the problems existing in the sealing process of the rich gas compressor in the catalytic unit and the circulating hydrogen compressor in the heavy oil hydrogenation unit, through the analysis of the disassembly of the seal and the relevant theoretical calculation, The following two aspects have been studied and reformed: (1) the gas-filled labyrinth seal of the rich gas compressor of the catalytic unit has been reformed, and the simple gas-filled labyrinth seal was initially used in the catalytic unit rich gas compressor, and the effect of this set of seals is not good. Six months after the operation of the unit will appear signs of seal leakage, inspection found that the labyrinth seal parts are damaged, so the unit can not according to the requirements of the company to achieve a long period of operation. In this paper, through the research and transformation, the air extraction facilities are added to the original seal to ensure the safe and stable use of the seal. The long period operation of the unit has been realized. (2) aiming at the problems of floating ring seal of circulating hydrogen compressor in heavy oil hydrogenation unit, the static calculation of floating ring seal is carried out on the basis of analyzing the force of floating ring. Find out the factors that affect the failure of floating ring seal. In view of these factors, this paper makes a comparative analysis, finds out the feasible and economic and safety benefit of the revamping method, and carries on the corresponding transformation to the seal. The improved seal has been verified many times and the desired effect has been achieved.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TE964

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