定向钻井摩阻分析及防托压新技术研究

发布时间：2018-10-10 13:28

【摘要】：定向井钻井技术在石油钻井作业中扮演着举足轻重的角色,但定向钻井中的托压问题却限制其进一步的发展,特别是在滑动钻进中托压现象更加明显。现有减缓托压的工具一方面结构复杂,使用寿命难以保证,另一方面在复杂井眼中的适应性不好,难以达到较好的防托压效果。为了更有效地解决定向井钻进中的托压问题,提高钻井效率,本文提出一种适应性强,能有效防托压的工具。论文对托压产生原因进行深入研究,分析滑动钻进中托压的主要原因,提出可有效减小托压的钻柱延伸工具新技术,并设计了与之配套使用的减摩降阻工具,通过理论建模研究探讨了其工作特性。开展延伸工具的结构原理设计及工作原理研究,开展新技术的应用探讨,对于促进防托压技术的发展有实际工程意义。本文的主要研究内容如下:1.开展定向井产生托压原因分析,进行定向井摩阻研究计算分析。2.建立钻压中性点计算方法,建立不考虑弹性储能力钻杆摩阻计算模型和钻杆弹性储能-摩阻计算模型。3.开展伸缩储能式仿生延伸工具的工作原理研究,工具的设计研究。4.提出多种可有效降低定向井中钻柱摩阻的减摩降阻工具结构方案,开展了各方案工具的结构原理及减摩阻原理研究,并设计加工了其中两种工具的室内实验样机。5.针对偏心轮减摩降阻工具和滚球减摩降阻工具开展减摩阻实验测试,研究了上述减摩降阻工具的减摩阻特性。6.开展防托压新技术应用探讨,提出防托压新技术最优使用方法。本文旨在提出一种防托压新技术,通过理论建模,相关原理研究,具体结构设计及实验研究掌握防托压新技术,其可为解决定向井中托压问题提供一种新思路和新手段。
[Abstract]:Directional well drilling technology plays an important role in oil drilling, but the pressure-holding problem in directional drilling restricts its further development, especially in sliding drilling. On the one hand, the existing tools for reducing pressure are complex in structure and difficult to guarantee their service life. On the other hand, the adaptability of the tools in complex wells is not good, so it is difficult to achieve better anti-pressure effect. In order to solve the problem of supporting pressure in directional well drilling more effectively and improve drilling efficiency, this paper puts forward a tool with strong adaptability and effective protection against retaining pressure. In this paper, the causes of supporting pressure are deeply studied, the main reasons of supporting pressure in sliding drilling are analyzed, the new technology of drill string extension tool which can effectively reduce the supporting pressure is put forward, and the friction-reducing and resistive reducing tool which is used with it is designed. Its working characteristics are discussed through theoretical modeling. It is of practical engineering significance to develop the structural principle design and working principle of extension tools and to explore the application of new technology to promote the development of anti-embossing technology. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. To analyze the reason of supporting pressure in directional well, and to calculate and calculate the friction of directional well. 2. The calculation method of neutral point of drilling pressure is established, the calculation model of friction of drill pipe without considering elastic storage capacity and the calculating model of elastic energy storage-friction of drill pipe are established. Development of telescopic energy storage Bionic extension tool working principle research, tool design research. 4. This paper puts forward a variety of structural schemes of friction reducing tools which can effectively reduce the friction resistance of drill string in directional wells, studies the structural principle and the principle of reducing friction of each scheme tool, and designs and processes two kinds of experimental prototypes of these tools in laboratory. The friction and drag reduction experiments of eccentric wheel friction reducing tools and rolling ball friction reducing tools are carried out, and the friction and drag reduction characteristics of the above friction and drag reduction tools are studied. 6. This paper discusses the application of new technology of anti-supporting pressure, and puts forward the optimal application method of new technology of anti-supporting pressure. The purpose of this paper is to put forward a new technology of preventing embankment pressure, which can provide a new way of thinking and a new method for solving the problem of supporting pressure in directional wells through theoretical modeling, relevant principle research, concrete structure design and experimental research.
【学位授予单位】：西南石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE243

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