溶剂萃取改质稠油实验研究及其相关理论模型分析

发布时间：2018-10-25 10:08

【摘要】：溶剂萃取-VAPEX(Vapor Extraction)是近年来才被提出的一种较为新颖的开采稠油的技术,该技术是由SAGD衍变而来。由于VAPEX技术具有低能耗、低投资、环境友好等特点,还可以对地层稠油进行改质,因此VAPEX已经成为了具有广阔应用前景的油藏开采技术。本文以辽河油田杜66区块稠油为研究对象,对溶剂萃取前后稠油性质与结构的变化进行了研究分析,从微观和宏观对原油改质现象进行了研究。对萃取过程中的传质系数进行了室内实验,通过对比实验结果,优选出了最优的操作条件与溶剂组合。研究了溶剂腔中边界层的形成机理,对分散现象和扩散现象的相关模型进行了总结。首先,通过在不同介质中进行萃取实验,研究了萃取率与孔隙度之间的关系。研究了稠油萃取前后性质与结构的变化。通过族组成,元素含量,粘温关系,红外光谱,全烃分析等手段,从微观和宏观上研究了溶剂萃取对稠油的改质与降粘能力;其次,对不同溶剂体系在不同操作条件下的传质系数进行了实验研究。结果表明,溶剂在高温高压下的传质能力要优于常温常压下;在高温高压下时,混合溶剂的传质能力要高于纯溶剂;再次,通过对方程的演算推导,研究了溶剂在边界层中的自然对流效应,溶剂浓度与粘度的关系,以及边界层的形成。对扩散系数及相关理论进行了归纳,并总结了扩散系数与浓度之间的数学模型。
[Abstract]:Solvent extraction (VAPEX (Vapor Extraction) is a new technology for heavy oil extraction, which has been proposed in recent years. It is derived from SAGD. Because VAPEX technology has the characteristics of low energy consumption, low investment, environment friendly and so on, it can also improve the formation heavy oil, so VAPEX has become the reservoir production technology with broad application prospect. In this paper, the changes of heavy oil properties and structures before and after solvent extraction are studied and analyzed, and the improvement of crude oil quality is studied from micro and macro aspects, taking heavy oil in block Du66 of Liaohe Oilfield as the research object. The mass transfer coefficient in the extraction process was tested in laboratory. By comparing the experimental results, the optimal operating conditions and solvent combination were selected. The formation mechanism of boundary layer in solvent cavity was studied and the models of dispersion and diffusion were summarized. Firstly, the relationship between extraction rate and porosity was studied through extraction experiments in different media. The changes of properties and structures of heavy oil before and after extraction were studied. By means of group composition, element content, viscosity and temperature relationship, infrared spectrum and total hydrocarbon analysis, the improvement and viscosity reduction ability of solvent extraction to heavy oil were studied from microscopic and macroscopic aspects. The mass transfer coefficients of different solvent systems under different operating conditions were studied experimentally. The results show that the mass transfer ability of solvent at high temperature and high pressure is better than that at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, and the mass transfer ability of mixed solvent is higher than that of pure solvent at high temperature and high pressure. The natural convection effect of solvent in the boundary layer, the relationship between solvent concentration and viscosity, and the formation of the boundary layer are studied. The diffusion coefficient and related theory are summarized, and the mathematical model between diffusion coefficient and concentration is summarized.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TE345

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