中小河流洪水风险分析中的数值模拟研究
发布时间：2018-11-21 14:46
【摘要】：洪水是造成中华民族生命财产损失最严重的自然灾害,中小河流工程防洪体系的建设能够增强调控洪水的能力,而且也是洪水风险管理的重要手段。因此,科学合理的建设河流防洪工程就需要掌握其洪水过程与影响。本文通过采用推理公式分区组合的方法推求各断面设计洪水,并将其作为MIKE11模型的输入洪水过程,构建复州河下游河道洪水演进一维水动力模型,模拟计算不同频率的洪水对复州河堤防的影响,分析预测不同频率洪水对应不同易出险的断面位置。依据研究区域地面高程数据、堤防设计规范和土地利用状况等资料建立二维泛滥区洪水计算模型。利用MIKE FLOOD将漫堤洪水耦合到泛滥区进行漫堤分析,对提高防洪避险决策的科学性有重要意义。本文的主要研究内容概述如下： (1)我国中小河流常常因测站不足,缺乏实测水文资料,导致精细的设计洪水推求和洪水演进计算难以进行,进而影响着河流洪水风险分析的准确性。本文采用推理公式分区组合的方法推求各断面设计洪水,并将其作为MIKE11模型的输入洪水过程,进行河道内洪水演进模拟计算。实例研究以大连市复州河下游段为背景,模拟计算了主河道设计洪水演进过程,结果表明该方法可动态演示洪水演进过程,并能给出洪水风险分析的主要指标,与现场实测流量和洪痕水位比较,模拟精度良好。 (2)在一维河道洪水演进的基础上,搭建二维水动力学计算模型,通过一、二维模型耦合,构建洪水在研究区域蔓延过程的模拟计算,分析计算了发生不同频率设计洪水时的淹没范围。通过洪水泛滥分析计算,可以分析在不同频率洪水条件下洪水泛滥淹没范围,进一步分析不同区域洪水风险程度的大小。 (3)针对模拟结果,对极易遭受洪灾的关键河段进行超标准洪水泛滥分析,提示其所处风险条件的信息,为接下来防洪减灾工作提供科学依据,并对中小河流流域洪水风险分析及防洪管理具有一定的参考和指导意义。
[Abstract]:Flood is the most serious natural disaster that causes the loss of life and property of the Chinese nation. The construction of flood control system of small and medium-sized river engineering can enhance the ability of flood control, and it is also an important means of flood risk management. Therefore, it is necessary to master the flood process and influence in constructing river flood control engineering scientifically and reasonably. In this paper, the design flood of each section is deduced by using the method of partition combination of inference formula, which is regarded as the input flood process of MIKE11 model, and the one-dimensional hydrodynamic model of flood routing in the lower reaches of Fuzhou River is constructed. The influence of flood with different frequency on embankment of Fuzhou River is simulated and analyzed and forecasted that the flood with different frequency corresponds to different dangerous section location. Based on the ground elevation data, dike design code and land use data, a two-dimensional flood calculation model is established in this paper. It is of great significance to improve the scientific nature of the decision-making of flood control and risk avoidance by using MIKE FLOOD to couple the overbank flood to the flood area to carry out embankment analysis. The main research contents of this paper are summarized as follows: (1) due to the shortage of survey stations and the lack of measured hydrological data in small and medium-sized rivers in China, it is difficult to calculate the precise design flood and flood routing. Furthermore, it affects the accuracy of flood risk analysis. In this paper, the design flood of each section is calculated by using the method of partition combination of inference formula, which is regarded as the input flood process of MIKE11 model, and the simulation calculation of flood routing in river channel is carried out. Taking the lower reaches of the Fuzhou River in Dalian as the background, the design flood routing process of the main river is simulated and calculated. The results show that the method can dynamically demonstrate the flood routing process and give the main indexes of flood risk analysis. Compared with the field measured discharge and flood mark water level, the simulation accuracy is good. (2) on the basis of one-dimensional river flood routing, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic calculation model is built, and the simulation calculation of flood spreading process in the studied area is constructed through the coupling of one and two dimensional models. The inundation range of design flood with different frequency is analyzed and calculated. Through flood analysis and calculation, the scope of flood flooding can be analyzed under different frequency flood conditions, and the magnitude of flood risk degree in different regions can be further analyzed. (3) in view of the simulation results, the analysis of the super standard flood of the key reach which is prone to flood is carried out, which indicates the information of the risk conditions, and provides the scientific basis for the next flood control and disaster reduction work. It also has certain reference and guiding significance for flood risk analysis and flood control management in middle and small river basins.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV122
本文编号：2347285
[Abstract]:Flood is the most serious natural disaster that causes the loss of life and property of the Chinese nation. The construction of flood control system of small and medium-sized river engineering can enhance the ability of flood control, and it is also an important means of flood risk management. Therefore, it is necessary to master the flood process and influence in constructing river flood control engineering scientifically and reasonably. In this paper, the design flood of each section is deduced by using the method of partition combination of inference formula, which is regarded as the input flood process of MIKE11 model, and the one-dimensional hydrodynamic model of flood routing in the lower reaches of Fuzhou River is constructed. The influence of flood with different frequency on embankment of Fuzhou River is simulated and analyzed and forecasted that the flood with different frequency corresponds to different dangerous section location. Based on the ground elevation data, dike design code and land use data, a two-dimensional flood calculation model is established in this paper. It is of great significance to improve the scientific nature of the decision-making of flood control and risk avoidance by using MIKE FLOOD to couple the overbank flood to the flood area to carry out embankment analysis. The main research contents of this paper are summarized as follows: (1) due to the shortage of survey stations and the lack of measured hydrological data in small and medium-sized rivers in China, it is difficult to calculate the precise design flood and flood routing. Furthermore, it affects the accuracy of flood risk analysis. In this paper, the design flood of each section is calculated by using the method of partition combination of inference formula, which is regarded as the input flood process of MIKE11 model, and the simulation calculation of flood routing in river channel is carried out. Taking the lower reaches of the Fuzhou River in Dalian as the background, the design flood routing process of the main river is simulated and calculated. The results show that the method can dynamically demonstrate the flood routing process and give the main indexes of flood risk analysis. Compared with the field measured discharge and flood mark water level, the simulation accuracy is good. (2) on the basis of one-dimensional river flood routing, a two-dimensional hydrodynamic calculation model is built, and the simulation calculation of flood spreading process in the studied area is constructed through the coupling of one and two dimensional models. The inundation range of design flood with different frequency is analyzed and calculated. Through flood analysis and calculation, the scope of flood flooding can be analyzed under different frequency flood conditions, and the magnitude of flood risk degree in different regions can be further analyzed. (3) in view of the simulation results, the analysis of the super standard flood of the key reach which is prone to flood is carried out, which indicates the information of the risk conditions, and provides the scientific basis for the next flood control and disaster reduction work. It also has certain reference and guiding significance for flood risk analysis and flood control management in middle and small river basins.
【学位授予单位】：大连理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：TV122
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