东京城镇地下水资源评价

发布时间：2018-04-17 16:50

本文选题：地下水资源 + 水文地质　；参考：《黑龙江大学》2014年硕士论文

【摘要】：水是人类赖以生存的重要自然资源,并且随着入口数量的增加和人类社会的发展的需求,如何合理利用水资源的问题成为了当前亟需解决的国际问题。本文是为了实现东京城镇地下水资源的可持续发展利用,对城镇地区地下水资源做了详细评价,包括：东京城镇的水文地质条件分析、地下水动态变化规律分析和分区对该地区的地下水资源进行量的评价,并且对综合开发利用地下水资源进行了具体的分析。在进行水资源评价分析过程中采用平均布井法和开采系数法,得到勘察区地下水的允许开采量为709.25×104 m3/a,占全区地下水补给量的82.1%,全区地下水允许开采模数为6.56×104 m3/km2·a,因此地下水允许开采量是有保证的。铁、锰在勘察区内地下水中均有检出,超标率分别为30%和60%,铁最高含量仅0.31mg/L、锰最高含量仅0.26mg/L,均属轻度污染,是由原生环境形成的,并且很容易清除；总硬度和PH值出现个别超标可能是人为点状污染所致。由此可确定勘察区内地下水水质较好,在采用区内地下水做饮用水水源时,需进行铁锰处理后即可放心饮用。具体的勘测如下：(1)勘察区地处张广才岭的东南,为牡丹江山间河谷平原,属中温带大陆性季风气候,多年平均降水量为530mm,大气降水的渗入及田间灌溉入渗补给是区内地下水的主要补给来源,区内第四系松散堆积物中赋存有孔隙潜水、微承压水及承压水,隐伏碎屑岩赋存有孔隙裂隙潜水。(2)区内一级阶地第四系含水层较薄,地下水资源贫乏,其富水性较差。多年平均地下水总补给量为244.18×104 m3,a,允许开采量为195.34×104m3/a。二级阶地第四系含水层为砂砾石,含土质较高,中等富水,单井涌水量为500-1000 m3/d,地下水补给量为530.36×104m3/a,可开采量为450.81×104 m3/a。丘陵白垩系海浪组碎屑岩孔隙裂隙潜水富水量中等,单井涌水量为100-500 m3/d,地下水补给量为90.14×10。m3/a,可开采量为63.10×10 m3/a。区内一级阶二级阶地下部的白垩系海浪组粘土碎屑岩、砂岩在100m深度之内贮水条件差,缺乏集中供水意义。(3)区内地下水水质较好,原生铁锰超标外,未受污染地区水化学类型为重碳酸钙型和重碳酸钙,镁型水,矿化度小于O.5g/L,属低矿化淡水。但零星地区遭受轻度污染,作生活饮用水水质欠佳,作为农田灌溉用水水质较好。(4)控制性开发地下水,实施综合利用水资源,对东京城镇的经济发展具有保证。
[Abstract]:Water is an important natural resource for human survival, and with the increase of import quantity and the development of human society, how to use water resources rationally has become an urgent international problem.In order to realize the sustainable development and utilization of groundwater resources in Tokyo, this paper makes a detailed evaluation of groundwater resources in urban areas, including: analysis of hydrogeological conditions in Tokyo towns,The law of groundwater dynamic change and the evaluation of groundwater resources in this area are analyzed, and the comprehensive development and utilization of groundwater resources are analyzed in detail.In the process of water resources evaluation and analysis, the average well layout method and the extraction coefficient method are used.The allowable exploitation of groundwater in the survey area is 709.25 脳 104m3 / a, accounting for 82.1% of the total groundwater supply, and the allowable exploitation modulus of groundwater in the whole area is 6.56 脳 10 ~ 4 m3/km2 a, so the allowable exploitation of groundwater is guaranteed.Iron and manganese were detected in groundwater in the investigation area. The rates of exceeding the standard were 30% and 60%, respectively. The highest iron content was only 0.31 mg / L, and the highest manganese content was only 0.26 mg / L.The total hardness and PH value may be caused by human point pollution.It can be concluded that the groundwater quality in the investigation area is good. When the groundwater is used as the drinking water source, it is safe to drink after iron and manganese treatment.The specific survey is as follows: 1) the investigation area is located in the southeast of Zhang Guangcailing. It is the valley plain of the Mudanjiang River, which belongs to the continental monsoon climate of the middle temperate zone.The annual average precipitation is 530mm. The infiltration of atmospheric precipitation and irrigation and recharge in the field are the main recharge sources of groundwater in the region. There are pore diving, micro-confined water and confined water in the Quaternary loose deposits.There are pore fissure phreatic phreatic in the concealed clastic rock. The first terrace Quaternary aquifer in this area is thin, the groundwater resources are poor, and its water rich is poor.The average annual groundwater recharge is 244.18 脳 104m3 / a and the allowable exploitation is 195.34 脳 104m3 / a.The Quaternary aquifer of the second-order terrace is sandy gravel, with high soil quality and medium rich water, with a single well inflow of 500-1000m3 / d, a groundwater recharge of 530.36 脳 104m3 / a, and a recoverable capacity of 450.81 脳 104m3 / a.The pore fissure of clastic rock in the Cretaceous in hilly area is of moderate water abundance, the water inflow of single well is 100-500 m3 / d, the recharge of groundwater is 90.14 脳 10.m3 / a, and the recoverable capacity is 63.10 脳 10 m3 / a.The clay clastic rocks of the Cretaceous wave formation in the first and second order subterranean part of the area have poor water storage conditions within 100 m depth, and the groundwater quality is better in the area lacking the significance of centralized water supply, and the original pig iron and manganese is beyond the standard.The chemical types of water in unpolluted area are bicalcium carbonate type and calcium bicarbonate type, magnesium type water, and the mineralization degree is less than 0.5 g / L, which belongs to low-mineralized fresh water.However, in sporadic areas, the water quality of drinking water for domestic use is poor, and the water quality of irrigation water for farmland is better. 4) the comprehensive utilization of water resources can guarantee the economic development of the city and towns in Tokyo.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2014
【分类号】：P641.8

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