皮口海域口虾蛄渔业资源特征初步研究

发布时间：2018-05-28 10:05

本文选题：口虾蛄 + 皮口　；参考：《大连海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：针对近年来口虾蛄渔业资源严重衰退、生态环境严重恶化的情况,渔业资源恢复与增殖是保证海洋生物资源再生和永久存续的最有效方法。本论文基于渔业资源学原理,选择辽宁省沿海口虾蛄自然分布的黄海北部皮口海域,针对近年来口虾蛄渔业资源严重衰退、生态环境严重恶化的情况,分析口虾蛄资源现状,通过模型预测未来口虾蛄的资源变动,实现近海口虾蛄渔业持续健康发展为目标,以渔业资源学原理为基础,通过实地近年来口虾蛄主产区渔业资源的采捕量,研究口虾蛄的种群动态特征;生物量变动模型、通过实地调查当地渔民的收入状况,从而获得最大的捕捞量以及最经济的捕捞出海次数,获得渔业经济分析。通过对2014-2016年实地调查和2012-2013年已有捕捞产量和船次的数据,运用生物量动态模型,通过R软件和CMCM运算分析,在参数为均匀分布时,得出皮口当地的可捕系数q=0.350,内禀增长率r=0.732,皮口当地的剩余产量为B2016=331.96吨,最大可持续产量对应的资源量为BMSY=464.91吨,最大环境容纳量K=929.18吨,生物学参考点F0.1=0.329,当前的捕捞死亡率为Fcur=0.593,最大可持续捕捞死亡率为FMSY=0.366。通过对当地出海船次与收入的分析,得出最大的捕捞产量为166t,此时的CPUE为16.30kg/d/船,捕捞努力量为10186船次。经济最大化的捕捞产量为163t,此时的CPUE为18.17 kg/d/船,捕捞努力量为9014船次。在以上工作基础上,建议将目前的捕捞努力量控制在10000船次以下,既能很好的利用资源,又能产生最大的经济效益。本论文从调查研究口虾蛄的现存量入手,通过对比分析近年来口虾蛄资源量和群落结构的动态变化,从渔业资源学理论上讨论口虾蛄的种群结构特征和资源评估技术,增加对口虾蛄对栖息环境选择、繁育条件、资源补充机制等方面的理论认识,为实施口虾蛄渔业资源有效保护、增殖和管理提供科学依据。
[Abstract]:In view of the serious decline of fishery resources and the serious deterioration of ecological environment in recent years, the restoration and multiplication of fishery resources is the most effective method to ensure the regeneration and permanent survival of marine living resources. Based on the principle of fishery resources, this paper selected the natural distribution area of Huang Hai in the north of Huang Hai in Liaoning Province. In view of the serious decline of fishery resources and the serious deterioration of ecological environment in recent years, the present situation of resources of Oratosquilla mantis was analyzed. The model was used to predict the resource changes of Oratosquilla in the future and to realize the sustainable and healthy development of the fishery near Haikou. Based on the principle of fishery resources, the collection and capture of fishery resources in the main producing areas of Oratosquilla were carried out on the ground in recent years. This paper studies the population dynamic characteristics and biomass change model of Oratosquilla mantissima. By investigating the income status of local fishermen on the spot, the largest catch and the most economical fishing times are obtained, and the economic analysis of fishery is obtained. Based on the field survey of 2014-2016 and the existing data of fishing yield and number of vessels in 2012-2013, using the dynamic biomass model, and using R software and CMCM calculation analysis, when the parameters are uniformly distributed, It is concluded that the local trapping coefficient of Pikou is 0.350, the intrinsic growth rate is 0.732.The residual output of Pikou is 331.96 tons, the maximum sustainable output is BMSY=464.91 tons, and the maximum environmental capacity is 929.18 tons. The biological reference point (F0.1) was 0.329, the current fishing mortality was 0.593and the maximum sustainable fishing mortality was FMSYN 0.366. By analyzing the number and income of local vessels at sea, it is concluded that the maximum fishing yield is 166 t, and the CPUE is 16.30kg/d/ vessel, and the fishing effort is 10186 times. The maximum fishing yield is 163t, the CPUE is 18.17 kg/d/, and the fishing effort is 9014 times. On the basis of the above work, it is suggested that the current fishing effort should be controlled below 10000 vessels, which can not only make good use of resources, but also produce the greatest economic benefits. Based on the investigation and study of the present stock of Oratosquilla, this paper analyzed the dynamic changes of resource quantity and community structure of Oratosquilla in recent years, and discussed the characteristics of population structure and the technology of resource evaluation from the view of fishery resources theory. In order to provide scientific basis for the effective protection, multiplication and management of fishery resources, the theoretical understanding of the selection of habitat environment, breeding conditions, and the mechanism of resource supplementation were increased.
【学位授予单位】：大连海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S931

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